A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | AA | AB | AC | AD | AE | |
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1 | Meta-data of published literature on marine plastics^ (total n=371) | 371 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | Legend (within sheet): | This colour denotes studies which has examined organic contaminants | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | This colour denotes studies which has examined inorganic contaminants | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | ^Refer to "Methodology for Review" on the explanations/definitions of sub-headings (Tables 1-4). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | Year published | Country | Research Group(s) | Source of Funding | Aim of Research | Period of Study | Methodologies Used^ | Types of Plastics Examined | Geographic Location of Work | Marine Environs | Key Findings | Source of Plastics | Peer-reviewed Output | Link to source | Non peer-reviewed Output | Link to source | Author List | First Author | Corresponding Author | Research Topics^ | Types of macroplastics, according to uses | Types of plastic polymer | Size of microplastics defined as <5 mm | Shape of plastics | Measure of abundance (number of pieces/density) | Measure of abundance (weight/volume) | Status of degradation? | ||||
6 | Brunei Darussalam (n=2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | 2019 | Brunei Darussalam | Universiti Teknologi Brunei (UTB); BUITEMS (Pakistan); Prince of Songkla University (PSU) | - | Understand the abundance and classification of marine debris accumulated along the beaches of Brunei Darussalam | May 2016 (i.e. one week per beach site) | Sampling; Quantification; Identification; Physical assessment, Calculation (concentration) | Microplastics, Mesoplastics, Macroplastics (Plastic fragments, PET bottles, Polyethylene, Polyvinyl chloride), Megaplastics | 4 beaches (Muara, Tunku, Lumut, Seri Kenangan beaches) | Beach (On sand) | By number, plastic is the most abundant part (91.46%) in all beaches + There are clear signs of human input in littering on these beaches/anthropogenic pressure on beaches as a result of recreational activities + Suggest that there should be law enforcement in the form of fines to support the ban of plastic bags during the weekends, in order to reduce the use of plastic bags during weekends | Land-based (tourism, direct littering and recreation) | Qaisrani et al. (2019) Physical Assessment of Marine Debris Along the Coast of Brunei Darussalam. Journal of Applied and Emerging Sciences 9(2): 144-152. | https://journal.buitms.edu.pk/j/index.php/bj/article/view/279 | - | - | Qaisrani, Z.N., Shams, S., Guo, Z., Asadullah, Techato K. | Qaisrani, Z.N. | Qaisrani, Z.N. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status; source differentiation | Plastic, Metal, Glass, Rubber, Cloth/fibre, Lumber, Miscellaneous | 1 (PET, PE, PVC) | 1 | 0 | number of items; items/m2/week, items/m2 | kg/day; kg/m2/week | 0 | ||||
8 | 2018 | Brunei Darussalam | BUITEMS (Pakistan); Universiti Teknologi Brunei (UTB); Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) | - | Understand the abundance and classification of marine debris accumulated along the beaches of Brunei Darussalam | May 2016 (i.e. one week per beach site) | Fixed areas of quadrats; Sampling; Quantification; Identification; Physical assessment | Microplastics, Macroplastics (Plastic fragments, PET bottles, Polyethylene, Polyvinyl chloride) | 4 beaches (Muara, Tunku, Lumut, Seri Kenangan beaches) | Beach (On sand) | Unsightly litter on beach? | Land-based (tourism and recreation); river-based (stormwater or water channels) | Qaisrani et al. (2018) Quantitative analysis of marine debris along the sea beaches of Brunei Darussalam. Conference Paper for 7th Brunei International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2018 (BICET 2018). | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8727030 | - | - | Qaisrani, Z.N., Shams, S., Guo, Z., Reza, M.S., Zainuddin, Q. | Qaisrani, Z.N. | Shams, S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status; Source differentiation; Contribution from rivers/ river basin management; Ecological and environmental impact; Socio-economic impact (Economic loss) | Plastic, Metal, Glass, Rubber, Cloth/fibre, Lumber, Miscellaneous | 1 (PET, PE, PVC) | 1 | 0 | number of items | kg/day | 0 | ||||
9 | Cambodia (n=3) | h | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | 2019* | Cambodia | Fauna and Flora International (FFI); Royal University of Phnom Penh; Kuda Divers | - | Examining the extent of plastic pollution in coastal Cambodia (Koh Rong, Koh Sdach, Sihanoukville) | - | Sampling, interview | Macroplastics | 3 sites in the coastal Cambodia (Koh Rong, Koh Sdach, Sihanoukville) | Coastline macroplastic | First marine plastic research in the country; Plastics is the top macro debris on beaches, especially single-use plastic bags, bottles, cigarette butts; Revelation of lack of proper plastic WM and a need | N.A. | - | - | FFI (2019, June 18) Tackling plastic pollution for communities and coral reefs in coastal Cambodia. Retrieved from: https://www.fauna-flora.org/news/tackling-plastic-pollution-communities-coral-reefs-coastal-cambodia | https://www.fauna-flora.org/news/tackling-plastic-pollution-communities-coral-reefs-coastal-cambodia | - | - | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
11 | * | Cambodia | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | - | Reviewing local regulation laws involving plastic products (plastic bags, plastic foams and plastic straws), its challenges and providing recommendations | - | Review (literature) | Macroplastics (plastic bags, foams, straws) | Cambodia | Macroplastics commonly used | Regulations and laws regarding these plastics products can be better managed and improved on | N.A. | - | - | UNDP (2019, July 12) What We're Doing to Combat Plastic. Retrieved from: https://www.kh.undp.org/content/cambodia/en/home/projects/our-action-for-plastic-pollution-in-cambodia/what-we-re-doing-to-combat-plastic-0.html#bottomPar_columncontrol | https://www.kh.undp.org/content/cambodia/en/home/projects/our-action-for-plastic-pollution-in-cambodia/what-we-re-doing-to-combat-plastic-0.html#bottomPar_columncontrol | - | - | - | Laws, administrative measures, Guidelines and standards | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
12 | 2015 | Cambodia | Marine Conservation Cambodia | - | Examining the marine environmental status of the Kep Archipelago (Koh Seh, Koh Mak Prang, Koh Angkrong), in relation to reef ecosystems health | March 2014, January 2015 | Sampling (surveying) | Macroplastics | 3 sites in the Kep Archipelago (Koh Seh, Koh Mak Prang, Koh Angkrong) | Macroplastics in coral reef ecosystems (environment not specified) | High amount of pollution have been recorded, from fishing activities including plastics waste | N.A. | - | - | Reed et al. (2015) Strategic environmental assessment of the proposed marine protected area, Kep Archipelago, Cambodia. Retrieved from: https://www.marineconservationcambodia.org/kep-reports/file/4-kep-triangle-report-07-03-15-final-for-paul | https://www.marineconservationcambodia.org/kep-reports/file/4-kep-triangle-report-07-03-15-final-for-paul | Reed, M., Duplain, D., Haissoune, A., Ferber, P. | Reed, M. | Ferber, P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
13 | Indonesia (n=64) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | 2020 | Indonesia | Teuku Umar University; Raja Ali Haji Maritime University; Bogor Agricultural Institute | Funds from Directorate of Research and Community Service (Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat/DRPM) of The Ministry of Research and Higher Education (Kementerian Ristek Dikti) of Indonesia, through “skema hibah Penelitian Kerjasama antar Perguruan Tinggi” | Examining millennial perception towards marine litter and the influence of environmental education towards youth perceptions in West Aceh, Indonesia | January-June 2019 | Personal interviews (questionnaire), analysis | N.A. | West Aceh, Indonesia | N.A. | Respondents show low awareness of marine litter according to statistical data but the marine litter educational workshop significantly has a positive impact + Increasing youth awareness through education can be an opening step in combating marine litter to then integrate with approaches to achieve a clean sea | N.A. | Kusumawati et al. (2020a) Enhancing Millennial Awareness Towards Marine Litter Through Environmental Education. E3S Web of Conferences 147: 02019. | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/abs/2020/07/e3sconf_ismfr20_02019/e3sconf_ismfr20_02019.html | - | - | Kusumawati, I., Setyowati, M., Syakti, A.D., Fahrudin, A. | Kusumawati, I. | Kusumawati, I. | Public outreach/beach clean-up; Social perceptions | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
15 | 2020 | Indonesia | Teuku Umar University; Raja Ali Haji Maritime University; Bogor Agricultural Institute | Funds from Directorate of Research and Community Service (Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat/DRPM) of The Ministry of Research and Higher Education (Kementerian Ristek Dikti) of Indonesia, through “skema hibah Penelitian Kerjasama antar Perguruan Tinggi” | Examining the people's perception towards marine litter responsibility in Aceh Jaya Regency, Indonesia | January-July 2019 | Personal interviews (questionnaire), analysis | N.A. | West Aceh, Indonesia | N.A. | Half of the respondents think that individuals are responsible for reducing marine litter + half of the respondents stated that community and visitors are the one who can reduce marine litter + near half of the respondents think that among stakeholders, NGOs are the one who are more passionate in reducing marine litter | Kusumawati et al. (2020b) Who’s Responsible? Issues in Eradicating Marine Litter In Aceh Jaya Regency. E3S Web of Conferences 151: 01014. | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/abs/2020/11/e3sconf_icvaes2020_01014/e3sconf_icvaes2020_01014.html | - | - | Kusumawati, I., Setyowati, M., Syakti, A.D., Fahrudin, A., Marefanda, N. | Kusumawati, I. | Kusumawati, I. | Social perceptions | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||
16 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University | - | Asssessing the efficiency of novel surface drifters (Float Artificial Debris, FAD) in measuring the spread of marine debris, using Lagrangian instrument and trajectory analysis | - | Designing of 2 float artificial debris (FADs) of different shapes, attachment of satellite tracker, analysis of trajectory, analysis of the 2 FADs | N.A. | Laboratory tests in Indonesia; field tests conducted in 2 sites in Seribu Islands, Jakarta (Pramuka Island and Untung Jawa Island) | Surface coastal waters with frequent waste shipment | FADs can be created at low costs + efficiency of FADs may depend on its shape, material or the attached GPS tracker | Implied sources from both locally and from neighbouring sources as brought in by the incoming currents | Purba and Faizal (2019) Performance of floatartificial debris (FAD) with Lagrangian concept. AACL Bioflux 12(6). | http://www.bioflux.com.ro/docs/2019.2236-2242.pdf | - | - | Purba, N.P., Faizal, I. | Purba, N.P. | Purba, N.P. | Movement of plastics in water bodies | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
17 | 2019 | Indonesia | International Pollutants Elimination Network (IPEN); Arnika Association; Nexus3 Foundation; Ecological Observation and Wetlands Conservation (Ecoton) | - | Analysing pollution status and toxicity of plastic waste at dumping sites, in relation to food chain contamination and human health impact | April 2019, June to September 2019 | Sampling (free-range eggs sampling at 2 dumping sites, commercial eggs at Bangkok supermarket), POP analysis (individual PCDD/Fs and an extended list of PCB congeners, non-dioxin-like (indicator) PCBs (iPCBs), DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), hexachloro-butadiene (HCBD), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) , PBDEs, HBCD and short chain chlorinated paraffins (SC-CPs)) | N.A. (plastic waste) | 2 sites of plastic waste dumping ground (Tropodo and Bangun dump sites); 1 site of non-dumping ground (Bangkok supermarket) | In free-range and commercial chicken eggs | Significant levels of very hazardous chemicals including dioxins, polychlori-nated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), which are all regulated globally under the Stockholm Convention + Dioxin levels were highest at a tofu factory in Tropodo at 90-fold higher than the Indonesian regulatory limit and comparable to contamination level caused by historic Agent Orange used in Vietnam + Eggs collected near a rural plastic waste dump site in Bangun were contami-nated by PFOS at levels comparable to highly industrialized areas in Europe. An adult eating just one egg per week from a free-range chicken foraging in the vicinity of the Bangun dump site would exceed the proposed EFSA tolerable weekly intake of PFOS by approximately 1.3-fold + Eggs from Tropodo and Bangun contained SCCPs and PBDEs, flame retardant chemicals used in plastics. | Plastic waste are imported mainly from Australia, Canada, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, UK and USA. | - | - | Petrlik et al. (2019) Plastic Waste Flooding Indonesia Leads to Toxic Chemical Contamination of the Food Chain. IPEN. Retrieved from: https://ipen.org/sites/default/files/documents/indonesia-egg-report-long-v1_2web-en.pdf | https://ipen.org/sites/default/files/documents/indonesia-egg-report-long-v1_2web-en.pdf | Petrlik, J., Y. Ismawati, J. DiGangi, P. Arisandi, L. Bell & B. Beeler | Petrlik J | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
18 | 2019 | Indonesia | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Funds from Riset Agenda COREMAP/CTI 2016 research grant to I.S.N. | Quantifying, identifying and characterising macroplastics monthly emissions from 9 estuarine rivers into Jakarta Bay, Indonesia | June 2017 to June 2018 | Net sampling, identification (modified NOAA), debris release calculation, statistical analysis, rainfall and river discharge | Macroplastics (19 categories) | 9 stations at 9 river outlets of Jakarta Bay (Dadap River in Tangerang, Angke, Pluit, Ciliwung, Kali Item, Koja, Cilincing and Marunda Rivers in the capital city of Jakarta, and Bekasi River in Bekasi) | Bay waters of 9 estuarine rivers in Jakarta Bay | Plastics is the top macro debris entering Jakarta Bay, with styrofoam as the most abundant debris within the plastics category | N.A. | Cordova and Nurhati (2019). Major sources and monthly variations in the release of land-derived marine debris from the Greater Jakarta area, Indonesia. Scientific Reports 9: 18730. | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55065-2 | - | - | Cordova, M.R., Nurhati, I.S. | Cordova, M.R. | Cordova, M.R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Contribution from rivers/ river basin management | Packaging, consumer products, fishing gears | 0 | - | - | Abundance in quantity (number of items) | abundance in weight (tonnes) | 0 | ||||
19 | 2019 | Indonesia | Hasanuddin University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in coastal waters of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia | - | Neuston net sampling (0.3mm), visual characterisation, stereomicroscopy, measurement, imageJ software | Microplastics (12 colours) | 3 stations at coastal waters of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia | Surface coastal waters close to highly populated settlement | Microplastics abundance in highly populated area, in size range (<2.5mm) and colours (blue, transparent) that are possibly more likely to be consumed by marine biota | Implied sources from land-based leakage from settlement | Afdal et al. (2019). Studies on Microplastics Morphology Characteristics in the Coastal Water of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. International Journal of Environment Agriculture and Biotechnology 4(4): 1028-1033. | https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.4421 | - | - | Afdal, M., Werorilangi, S., Faizal, A., Tahir, A. | Afdal, M. | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
20 | 2019 | Indonesia | Brawijaya University | Funds from University of Brawijaya grant (DIPA-042.01.2.400919/2018) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in intertidal sediments at Lamongan, Indonesia | June 2018 | Auger core sampling (0-5cm, 5-10cm), sieve-shaking sediment size analysis, visual characterisation, statistical analysis (ANOVA) | Microplastics (in fibres, films, and fragments) | 4 stations of intertidal areas along coast of Lamongan regency, Indonesia | In intertidal sediments at highly populated Lamongan coastline | Microplastics abundance in intertidal sediments of Lamongan, showing an accumulation in deeper sediments and a relation of (smaller) sediment size to (higher) microplastics adsorption | Implied sources from synthetic textiles, upstream river transport near settlement | Asadi et al. (2019). Microplastics in the sediment of intertidal areas of Lamongan, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux 12(4): 1065-1073. | http://www.bioflux.com.ro/docs/2019.1065-1073.pdf | - | - | Asadi, M.A., Hertika, A.M.S., Iranawari, F., Yuwandita, A.Y. | Asadi, M.A. | Asadi, M.A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, and fragments) | Abundance (particles/kg dry weight) | 0 | 0 | ||||
21 | 2019 | Indonesia | Brawijaya University | Funds from Marine Resource Ekplore Management (MEXMA) Research Group. | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in eastern Java Sea at Banyuurip, Central Java, Indonesia | March 2018 | Mesh plankton net sampling (0.4mm), modified NOAA analysis, density separation, microscopy characterisation, abundance calculation, statistical analysis (SPSS) | Microplastics (in fibres, films, and fragments) | 5 stations in eastern Java Sea, with different characteristics (fishing base, mangrove with high inundation rate, abandoned shrimp aquaculture, upstream river, open sea) | Surface waters of open ocean, pond, upstream river and mangrove | Microplastics abundance in various environments (fragment>fibre>film), particularly in mangroves which traps and accumulates trash | Implied sources from surrounding anthropogenic activities and influenced by currents and tides | Ayuningtyas et al. (2019). Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Pada Perairan Di Banyuurip, Gresik, Jawa Timur. Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research 3(1): 41-45. [In Indonesian] | http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2019.003.01.5 | - | - | Ayuningtyas, W.C., Yona, D., Julinda, S.H., Iranawari, F. | Ayuningtyas, W.C. | Yona, D. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, and fragments) | Abundance (100 particle per m3) | 0 | 0 | ||||
22 | 2019 | Indonesia | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI); Sriwijaya University; Udayana University | Funds from DIPA-Indonesian Institute of Sciences 2017 (B-303/IPK.2/KP.06/I/2018) and the Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project (COREMAP) 2018 (B-254/IPK.2/SK/I/2017) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in coastal regions in northern Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia | March 2017 | Sampling, filtration, stereoscopy characterisation, FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis | Microplastics (PS, PE, PP, PU, PET, PBD, polyester in fibres, films, fragments, granules) | 3 stations of North Coast of Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia (Lamong Bay, Kenjeran Beach, and Wonorejo coastal area) | Bay waters of 6 estuarine rivers with reclamation activities (Lamong Bay), in mangrove system with high human impact (Kenjaran Beach), in marine protected area with high level damage caused by surrounding land-use changes (Wonorejo coast) | Microplastics abundance in highly populated area, especially dominant form of foam and polymer type of polystyrene as a result of degradation of neighbouring household waste | Leakage from settlement, household waste, shipping activities, habor activities into the rivers upstream of the bay | Cordova et al. (2019). Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in the northern coastal waters of Surabaya, Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 142: 183-188. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.040 | - | - | Cordova, M.R., Purwiyanto, A.I.S., Sutejac, Y. | Cordova, M.R. | Purwiyanto, A.I.S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 1 (PS, PE, PP, PU, PET, PBD, polyester) | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, fragments, granules) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
23 | 2019 | Indonesia | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI); Chinese Academy of Sciences | Funds from Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) DIPA grant 2016 (No. B-B-5291/IPK.2/SK/XII/2016) and the “Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA19060204)” | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in sediment in waters of Banten Bay, Indonesia | April 2016 | Sediment grab sampling (0-10cm), stereoscopy characterisation, modified flotation extraction, filtration, stereomicroscopy characterisation, measurement, imageJ software, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis, statistical analysis (Rstudio) | Microplastics (Cellophane, synthetic cellulosic fibres, polyester terephthalate, PP, PE, PS in fibres, films, fragments, granules) | 25 sites in the Banten Bay, north-west tip of Java, Indonesia, near the Java Sea | Bay waters of estuarine rivers leading to Jakarta Bay | Significant relationship of (smaller) sediment size to (higher) microplastics adsorption; no relationship between seawater depth to microplastics adsorption; aggregation and biofouling mechanism in the water column sinks low-density microplastics to the seafloor | Implied sources from nearby aquaculture system with styrofoam buoyancy, adding to the high Expanded Polystyrene amount | Falahudin et al. (2019). The First Occurrence, Spatial Distribution and Characteristics of Microplastic Particles in Sediments from Banten Bay, Indonesia. Science of the Total Environment | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135304 | - | - | Falahudin, D., Cordova, M.R., Sun, X.X., Yogswara, D., Wulandari, I., Hindarti Dwi, Arifin, Z. | Falahudin, D. | Falahudin, D. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 1 (Cellophane, synthetic cellulosic fibres, polyester terephthalate, PP, PE, PS) | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, fragments, granules) | Abundance (particles/kg dry weight) | 0 | 0 | ||||
24 | 2019 | Indonesia | Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in sediment of Wonorejo estuary in Surabaya, Indonesia | - | N.A. | N.A. | Wonorejo estuary, downstream of Surabaya river | N.A. | Record of microplastic abundance in estuarine sediment | N.A. | - | - | Firdaus et al. (2019) Microplastic pollution in the sediment of Wonorejo estuary in Surabaya, Indonesia. In: Presented in the 2nd Conference in Fundamental and Applied Science for Advanced Technology (ConFAST), 21 January 2019, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. | https://drive.google.com/file/d/18GssWfjLqpsLBlEWu_DM1qo9yxoXfs2z/view | Firdaus, M., Lestari, P., Trihadiningrum, Y. | Firdaus, M. | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | IU | ||||
25 | 2019 | Australia | Murdoch University; Marine Megafauna Foundation; Udayana University; Victoria University of Wellington; Mataram University; Bogor Agricultural University | Funds from Australian Postgraduate Award, Murdoch International Top Up (32608315), Aqua-Firma, Waterlust, Ocean Park Conservation Foundation (FH04_1516), Foundation Fortuna, Idea Wild, Mantahari Oceancare, PADI Foundation (14668), R. Horner, Arenui Boutique Liveaboard, Current Junkies Liveaboard, Happy Days yacht, Scuba Junkie Komodo, Manta Rhei Dive Center, Wunderpus Liveaboard and other private donors | Quantifying, identifying and characterising surface microplastics in coastal feedings grounds for manta rays and whale sharks in Indonesia | 2016 to 2018 | Animal observational asessment, swimmer-towed net sampling, boat-towed trawl sampling, dissecting microscopy characterisation, visual survey (of floating macroplastic), quantification in animal's egestion via collection of egested material, extraction and analysis | Microplastics (in fibres, films, fragments, lines, others including paint fragments and tar) and Macroplastics | 3 sites in Java Sea at coastal feeding grounds of manta rays (year-round at Manta Bay within Nusa Penida Marine Protected Area; Karang Makassar in central of Komodo National Park) and of whale sharks (seasonal at Pantai Bentar in east Java) | Open oceans at specified coastal feeding grounds of manta rays and whale sharks | Confirmation of seasonal trend in plastic abundance, which increases in wet season than dry season, especially for Nusa Penida; Microplastics abundance in feeding grounds of manta rays and whale sharks, probably ingested from surface waters; Confirmation of plastic ingestion in manta rays; Evidence of some form and amount of microplastic expellation from animal through regurgitation or through egestion; Possible source of dominant PE plastic film as local origins (Indonesia) | Implied sources from locally (for the high abudnance of PE plastic films that are common in sachets used in Indonesia), regional sources such as from China and possibly long-range drifting debris from global sources via the south currents of the Indonesia Throughflow | Germanov et al. (2019) Microplastics on the menu: plastics pollute Indonesian manta ray and whale shark feeding grounds. Frontiers in Marine Science 6: 679. | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00679 | - | - | Germanov, E.S., Marshall, A.D., Hendrawan, I.G., Ryan Admiraal, Rohner, C.A., Argeswara, J., Wulandari, R., Himawan, M.R., Longeran, N.R. | Germanov, E.S. | Germanov, E.S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 (Polymers not studied but PE plastic films and PET plastic bottles are common) | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, fragments, lines, others including paint fragments and tar) | Abundance of swimmer trawl survey (pieces per min); abundance of boat trawl survey (pieces per m3); abundance of boat visual survey (pieces per km2) | 0 | 0 | ||||
26 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University; Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; Indonesian Naval Postgraduate School (STTAL) | - | Hydrodynamic and particle tracking modelling of microplastic movement at Java Sea; Examining probability of microplastic patch | November 2015 to May 2016 | Microplastic raw data provided by IS Pangestu in his study in 2016, hydrodynamic modelling, particle tracking modelling | Microplastics | 5 sites (1 at river mouth, 3 in open oceans, 1 at coast of Biawak Island) of Java Sea, which has high microplastic susceptibility as Java island is one of the most populated island | River mouth, open ocean, coastal | Succesful microplastics particle trajectories simulation using modelling technique; Hypothesised that Java Sea could be the biggest microplastics patch in Indonesia due to trapping caused by the reversing tidal current; Hypothesised origination of these microplastics particle in Java Sea from South China Sea and Pacific Ocean | Implied sources from South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean, as brought in by the Indonesian through-flow and monsoonal Indonesian current | Handyman et al. (2019). Microplastics Patch Based on Hydrodynamic Modeling in The North Indramayu, Java Sea. Polish Journal of Environmental Sciences 28(1): 135-142. | https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/81704 | - | - | Handyman, D.I.W., Purba, N.P., Pranowo, W.S., Harahp, S.A., Dante, I.F., Yuliadi, L.P.S. | Handyman, D.I.W. | Purba, N.P. | Movement of plastics in water bodies, Accumulation zones and hotspots | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
27 | 2019 | Indonesia | Bogor Agricultural University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in commercial M. Meretrix bivalves in the Wonorejo estuary, downstream of Surabaya river, Indonesia | March to July 2015 | Gillnet fish sampling (n=174) of Actinopterygii group (ray-finned fishes), dissection and analysis (digestive tract: gut and stomach), microscopy characterisation, statistical analysis (SPSS) | Microplastic (in fibres, films, fragments, and pellets, 8 colours) | 6 sites along Pandai Indah Kapuk coast, of 3 estuary regions with mangrove ecosystem (Angke Kapuk Nature Tourism Park, Protected Forest area, Muara Angke Sanctuary), of high anthropogenic activities | In commercial fishes (9 species: Oreochromis mossambicus, Scatophagus argus, Siganus canaliculatus, Crenimugil seheli, Mugil cephalus, Chanos chanos, Anodontostoma chacunda, Sardinella fimbriata, Abalistes stellaris) in the estuarine Pantai Indah Kapuk coast | Evidence of near 100% microplastics ingestion and contamination in the digestive tract of commercial fish meant for human consumption off Pantai Indah Kapuk coast; Microplastics abundance is higher in carnivorous than herbivorous fish, especially for fibres; Transparent-coloured microplastics were more abundantly found | Implied sources from nearby anthropogenic activities and microplastics accumulation in mangrove sediment | Hastuti et al. (2019). The presence of microplastics in the digestive tract of commercial fishes off Pantai Indah Kapuk coast, Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20(5):1233-1242. | https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200513 | - | - | Hastuti, A.R., Lumbanbatu, D.T.F., Wardiatno, Y. | Hastuti, A.R. | Hastuti, A.R., Wardiatno, Y. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 1 | 1( fibres, films, fragments, pellets) | Abundance (particles per individual) | 0 | 0 | ||||
28 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University | Funds from LIPI 2018 (B-1206 / IPK.02 / KS / III / 2018) for DDRG (Driven Demand Research Grant) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising surface microplastics in Savu Sea, East Nusa Tenggara Province | June 2018 | Bongo trawl, filtration, microscropy characterisation, statistical analysis | Microplastics (5 μm-2 mm, in fibres, films, fragments, pellets, 12 colours) | 12 stations along the coast of Kupang city and Rote city residing in the Savu Sea, East Nusa Tenggara Province | Surface coastal waters around touristy Island | Microplastics abundance in the coastal waters of Savu Sea, as a result of high human impact in the region | Plastic waste originating from tourism activities, fishermen, anthropogenic, industries in the Kupang and Rote regions that experience fragmentation in the sea and scattered in the Savu Sea which is driven by sea currents. | Hiwari et al. (2019). Condition of microplastic garbage in sea surface water at around Kupang and Rote, East Nusa Tenggara Province. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Indonesian Biodiversity Society 5(2): 165-171. [In Indonesian]. | https://smujo.id/psnmbi/article/view/3231 | - | - | Hiwari, H., Purba, N.P., Ihsan, Y.N., Yuliada, L.P.S., Mulyani, P.G. | Hiwari, H. | Hiwari, H., Purba, N.P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 (Polymers not studied but PE polymers is thought to be the identification for the common microplastic) | 0 (<2 mm) | 1 (fragments, fibres, films) | Abundance (particles per m3) | 0 | 0 | ||||
29 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University | Funds from 2018 Unpad Internal Grants (HN.A.), Padjadjaran University, Indonesia | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in locally caught fish in Pangandaran Bay, Indonesia | April 2018 | Local fisherman fish sampling of 2 species (Trichiurus sp. and Johnius sp.) (n=18), fish identification, dissection and analysis (GI tract), visual characterisation, statistical analysis (ANOVA) | Microplastics (0.12-5 mm, in fibres, films, fragments) | Pangandaran Bay, Indonesia | In wild fish of 2 species (Trichiurus sp. and Johnius sp.) caught locally | Evidence of 100% microplastics ingestion and contamination in the digestive tract in fish in the Pangandaran bay; | N.A. | Ismail et al. (2019). Microplastics Ingestion by Fish in The Pangandaran Bay, Indonesia. World News of Natural Sciences 23: 173-181 | http://psjd.icm.edu.pl/psjd/element/bwmeta1.element.psjd-e969200b-4c74-497e-a79a-8e669cf65fb6?q=bwmeta1.element.psjd-fb00ded9-a058-4f1b-b755-90145bcd6beb;16andqt=CHILDREN-STATELESS | - | - | Ismail, M.R., Lewaru, M.W., Prihardi, D.J. | Ismail, M.R. | Ismail, M.R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fragments, fibres, films) | Abundance (particles per individual) | 0 | 0 | ||||
30 | 2019 | Indonesia | Hasanuddin University; Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Funds from COREMAP phase 3 | Quantifying, identifying and characterising macroplastics among coastal debris on Labuange, Lumpue and Bojo beach of Indonesia (a follow-up to 2018 study) | March to May 2018 | Transect sampling, identification, quantification, abundance calculation, statistical analysis (SPSS, Excel) | Macroplastics | 3 beaches, west coast of South Sulawesi, Indonesia (Labuange, Lumpue and Bojo) | Coastal beaches with different characteristics (fisherman base, recreational, private) | Macroplastic as the most abundant among marine macro debris on various beaches, especially on residential beaches and especially nylon ropes, fishing line and equipment and thick plastic bags; need for public education to minimise marine litter and waste disposal | Implied sources from local community waste disposal into the sea and from incoming currents from other connecting seas | Isyrini et al. (2019). Marine Macro Debris from Makassar Strait Beaches with Three Different Designations. In: IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 253(3):012039 | https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/253/1/012039 | - | - | Isyrini, R., Nafie, Y.A.L., Rastina, R. | Isyrini, R. | Isyrini, R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | Packaging, consumer products, fishing | 0 | - | - | Abundance (items per m2) | abundance by weight (g/m2) | 0 | ||||
31 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University; Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | - | Hydrodynamic and particle tracking modelling of macrodebris movement at estuarines leading to Jakarta Bay, before and after its reclamation; Examining probability of microplastic patch | 2012 to 2018 | Sampling, hydrodynamic modelling, particle tracking modelling | Macroplastics | 13 sites at estuaries of the Jakarta Bay, facing the Java Sea (Cisadane; Cengkareng; Angke; Pluit; Sunda Kelapa; Ciliwung; Sunter; Cakung; BKT; Blencong; Cikeas; Ciherang; Citarum river) | Bay waters of estuarine rivers leading to Jakarta Bay | Modelling shows that reclamation would affect surface current movement and marine debris movement, possibly leading to an accumulation in eastern Jakarta Bay in January rainy season and in the western part of Jakarta Bay in July dry season | N.A. | Jasmin et al. (2019). The Model of Macro Debris Transport Before Reclamation and In Existing Condition in Jakart Bay. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 11(1): 131-140. | http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v11i1.24777 | - | - | Jasmin, H.H., Purba, N.P., Harahap, S.W., Prawono, W.S., Syamsudin, M.L., Faizal, I. | Jasmin, H.H. | Jasmin, H.H. | Movement of plastics in water bodies, Accumulation zones and hotspots | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
32 | 2019 | Indonesia | Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology | Funds from Masters towards Doctoral Education Program for Excellent Graduate (PMDSU) of the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia | Review of country's solid waste management infrastructure and services, and its impact to plastic pollution in Indonesia | - | Review (literature) | Microplastics, Macroplastics | 5 regions in Indonesia (Java, East Nusa Tenggara, East Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, North and South Sumatera) | N.A. | Marine plastic pollution is evident in Indonesia comes from improper SWM and high SW generation rate, to which the Indonesian government has to do better SWM | Implied sources from improper SWM | Lestari and Trihadiningrum (2019). The impact of improper solid waste management to plastic pollution in Indonesian coast and marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 149: 110505. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110505 | - | - | Lestari, P., Trihadiningrum, Y. | Lestari, P. | Trihadiningrum, Y. | Upstream research/ Waste management | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
33 | 2019 | Indonesia | Raja Ali Haji Maritime University; Jenderal Soedirman University | Funds from Dr. Syakti from his DDRG Grant No B-1200/IPK.02/KS/III/2018. | Quantifying, identifying and characterising micro- and meso-plastics in fish in waters near human settlement | May 2018 to January 2019 | Neuston net sampling, microscopy characterisation, net fish sampling, local fisherman fish sampling, dissection and analysis (stomach), microscopy characterisation, abundance calculation | Microplastics, Mesoplastics | 3 stations for seawater sampling at Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia (Sei Jang, Teluk Keriting, Pelantar KUD watershed) | In open ocean and in fish (grey-eel catfish, Plotosus canius) caught from local waters around Tanjungpinang | First evidence of micro- meso- plastic containation in endemic fish, resulting from contamination of microplastic in the waters | N.A. | Lubis et al. (2019) Plastic debris contamination in Grey-eel catfish (Plotosus canius) in Tanjungpinang water, Riau Islands-Indonesia. AIP Conference Proceedings 2094(1): 020035 | https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5097504 | - | - | Lubis, I.E.N., Melani, W.R., Syakti, A.D. | Lubis, I.E.N. | Syakti AD | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | Abundance in water samples (particle per m3); abundance in fish (particles per individual) | 0 | 0 | ||||
34 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University; Raja Ali Haji Maritime University; Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; MantaWatch (UK) | Funds from Demand-Driven Research Grant (DDRG COREMAP-CTI) and Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Literature review of marine debris research and status in Indonesia | 2012 to 2018 | Review (literature), statstical analysis (R programming) | Microplastics, Macroplastics | Indonesia | Indonesia | There is a gap in marine plastic research, especially on the impact of marine debris on ecosystem (e.g. biological impact of organisms in the water column, ecological alteration in distribution pattern, and invasive species), human health, and economic loss.) | N.A. | Purba et al. (2019a). Marine debris in Indonesia: A review of research and status. Marine Pollution Bulletin 146: 134-144. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.057 | - | - | Purba, N.P. | Purba, N.P. | Purba, N.P. | National research framework, coordination | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
35 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University; Pusat Riset Kelautan; Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Angkatan Laut (STTAL) | Funds from LIPI through Demand Driven grant mechanism; Research Grant (DDRG) 2018 (B-1206/IPK.02/KS/III/2018). | Hydrodynamic and particle tracking modelling of microplastic movement at the Savu Sea National Marine Park, East Nusa Tenggara | 2017 | Hydrodynamic modelling, particle tracking modelling | Microplastics | 12 stations at 3 sites around Savu Sea National Park (between Timor Island and Semau Island, surrounding Rote Island, surrounding Sumba Island) | In open ocean (Savu Sea), islandic waters around the Ndana island | Microplastics around the Island generally undergoes a dominant movement towards the south, as seen in a one-year simulation period; Microplastics movement is affected by varied factors (tidal influence, surface current movement) | N.A. | Purba et al. (2019b). Trajectory of microplastics at Savu Sea Marine National Park, East Nusa Tenggara. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan 8(2): 125-134. [In Indonesian] | http://doi.org/10.13170/depik.8.2.13423 | - | - | Purba, N.P., Prawono, W.S., Simanjutak, S.M., Faizal, I., Jasmin, H.H., Handyman, D.I.W., Mulyani, P.G. | Purba, N.P. | Purba, N.P. | Movement of plastics in water bodies | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
36 | 2019 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University | Funds from Internal Grants of Padjadjaran University | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in waters at river mouth and coastal waters off the Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, at different tidal conditions and water depth | July 2017 | Manta trawl sampling (up to 1m), quantification, identification, abundance calculation | Microplastics (in films, fragments, filaments, foams, and granules) | 7 stations at river mouth and coastal waters in Jakarta Bay, facing the Java Sea | Bay waters of estuarine rivers leading to Jakarta Bay | Microplastics abundance relates to depth (in greater amount nearer the surface) and tidal conditions (in greater amount in a receding tide) | Implied sources from upstream rivers and ocean | Rachmat et al. (2019). Characteristic of microplastic debris at estuary of DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan 8(1): 9-17. [In Indonesia] | https://doi.org/10.13170/depik.8.1.12156 | - | - | Rachmat, S.L.J., Purba, N.P., Agung, M.U.K., Yuliadi, L.P.S. | Rachmat, S.L.J. | Purba, N.P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fragments, filaments, films, foams, and granules) | Abundance (number of particles) | 0 | 0 | ||||
37 | 2019 | Indonesia | University of Indonesia | Funds from the Grant of International Publications for UI Students Final Project (PITTA) 2018 | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in waters and in fish at mangrove ecosystem of the Muara Teluknaga, Tangerang regency of Indonesia | - | Mesh plankton net sampling (150μm), fish sampling, dissection and analysis (digestive organs and respiratory organ), filtration, microscopy characterisation, abundance calculation | Microplastics (in fibres, films, fragments) | 3 stations in the mangrove ecosystem at Muara Teluknga, Tangerang regency, Indonesia | In open waters and in wild fish (belanak, M. dussimieri) caught locally | Microplastics abundance in fish, with greater abundance in digestive than respiratory organs which suggests a tendency for fish to ingest microplastic that are similar looking to plankton | Implied sources of fibre from degraded fishing net, rods | Rahmawati and Patria (2019). Microplastics Dissemination from Fish Mugil dussumieri and Mangrove Water of Muara Teluknaga, Tangerang, Banten. In IOP Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1282: 012104 | https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1282/1/012104 | - | - | Rahmawati, N.H.F., Patria, M.P. | Rahmawati, N.H.F. | Rahmawati, N.H.F. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild, branchial uptake of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, fragments) | Abundance (particles per litre) | 0 | 0 | ||||
38 | 2019 | Indonesia | Jenderal Soedirman University; Raja Ali Haji Maritime University; Riau Islands Province Dompak; Aix Marseille University; National University of Singapore | Funds from Demand-Driven Research Grant (DDRG) from Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project-Coral Triangle Initiative (COREMAP-CTI) From P2O-LIPI No: B-1968/IPK.02/KS/III/2018 | Investigating impacts of LDPE on Acropora formasa coral health (bleaching and necrosis) | August 2018 | Coral fragment sampling, laboratory experimental work (treatment of microplastics LDPE), visual observation of corals and identification of zooxanthallae, microplastics identification, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis, coral impact analysis (bleaching and necrosis) | Microplastics (LDPE) | Laboratory in Indonesia | In corals (Acropora formosa) | Microplastics (LDPE) in certain small sizes and above threshold concentrations negatively impacts coral health, eventually leading to zooxanthallae release (=bleaching) and necrosis; Microplastics impact on coral health are hypothesised to be be due to the reduction of light penetration for sufficient zooxanthallae photosynthesis OR by the release of toxic chemicals; Evidence of microplastics ingestion and some form of egestion in Acropora corals | N.A. | Syakti et al. (2019). Bleaching and necrosis of staghorn coral (Acropora formosa) in laboratory assays: Immediate impact of LDPE microplastics. Chemosphere 228: 528-535. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.156 | - | - | Syakti, A.D., Jaya, J.V., Rahman, A., Hidayati, N.V., Raza'I, T.S., Idris, T., Trenggono, M., Doumenq, P., Chou, M.L. | Syakti, A.D. | Syakti, A.D. | Ecological and environmental impact (Experimental studies of physiochemical impacts) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
39 | 2019 | Indonesia | Hasanuddin University | Funds from the Indonesian Directorate General of Higher Education through The Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, under grant No. 005/SP2H/LT/DRPM/IV/2017 | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in sediment and benthic animal of a seagrass ecosystem at Spermonde archipelago | July and September 2017 | Sedimment sampling: random sampling (n=81), NOAA analysis, stereomicroscopy characterisation; Benthic animal sampling: random sampling (n=51, 3 classes, 5 species: Tripneustes gratilla, Pinna sp., Pinctada sp., Cypraea tigris, Nudi Branch), chemical digestion, stereomicroscopy characterisation, abundance calculation | Microplastics | 1 site at Spermonde Archipelago of the Makassar Strait, Indonesia | In sediments and benthic animals (Tripneustes gratilla, Pinna sp., Pinctada sp., Cypraea tigris, Nudi Branch) of a seagrass ecosystem | Microplastics is abundant in most seagrass sediments; Microplastics abundance in seagrass sediments does not relate to the amount of seagrass percentage cover; Microplastics is present in most benthic animals studied, though not a good representative of all species of benthic animals of a seagrass ecosystem | N.A. | Tahir et al. (2019). Studies on microplastic contamination in seagrass beds at Spermonde Archipelago of Makassar Strait, Indonesia. In IOP Science Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1341(2) | https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1341/2/022008 | - | - | Tahir, A., Samawi, M.F., Sari, K., Hidayat, R., Nimzet, R., Wicaksono, E.A., Asrul, L., Werorilangi, S. | Tahir, A. | Tahir, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | Abundance (items per kg) | 0 | 0 | ||||
40 | 2019 | The Netherlands | The Ocean Cleanup | Funds from the donors of Ocean Cleanup | Assessment of riverine macroplastic transport into the ocean (Java Sea) | May 2018 | Visual survey, net sampling, hydrodynamic modelling, estimation of plastic emission and transport | Macroplastics (PET, PS, PS-E, POsoft, PP, PE, POhard, multilayer plastics) | 5 sites at estuaries of the Jakarta Bay, facing the Java Sea, with the highest predicted annual discharge (BKB-Angke (Ciliwung), Cengkareng Kapuk (Pesanggrahan), BKT, Sunter mouth, Cakung mouth, BKB-Grogol (Ciliwung), Haryono (Ciliwung)) | Bay waters of estuarine rivers leading to Jakarta Bay | Annual 3% unsoundly disposed macroplastic waste in the Jakarta area into the ocean | Implied sources from land-based leakage from riverine upstream flow, especially drained from Pesanggrahan and Ciliwung rivers | van Emmerik et al. (2019). Riverine plastic emission from Jakarta into the ocean. Environmental Research Letters 14(8): 084033. | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab30e8 | - | - | van Emmerik, T., Loozen, M., van Oeveren, K., Buschman, F., Prinsen, G. | van Emmerik, T. | van Emmerik, T. | Movement of plastics in water bodies | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
41 | 2019 | Indonesia | Brawijaya University; State University of Malang | Funds from Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Brawijaya University (Dana PNBP FPIK Universitas Brawijaya tahun 2018). | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in eastern Java Sea | March 2018 | Sediment grab sampling, modified NOAA analysis, microscopy characterisation, abundance calculation, statistical analysis (SPSS), interview | Microplastics (in fibres, films, fragments) | 5 stations in eastern Java Sea, with different characteristics (fishing base, mangrove with high inundation rate, abandoned shrimp aquaculture, upstream river, open sea) | In open ocean, pond, upstream river, mangrove | Microplastics abundance in sediments, especially in the mangroves, followed by highly populated areas | Implied sources primarily from locally of littering, domestic waste, fishing nets and ropes, and to some extent, possibly from faraway origins as brought in by the monsoon | Yona et al. (2019) Microplastics in the surface sediments from the eastern waters of Java Sea, Indonesia. F1000Research 8: 98 | https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17103.1 | - | - | Yona, D., Sari, S.H.J., Iranawari, F., Bachri, S., Ayuningtyas, W.C. | Yona, D. | Yona, D. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fragments, fibres, films) | Abundance (particles per kg) | 0 | 0 | ||||
42 | 2018 | Sweden | World Maritime University | Funds from Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP) | Literature review of the effectiveness of the national marine plastic plan by the Indonesian Government and providing recommendations | - | Review (literature), interview | Microplastics and Macroplastics | New Balis, Indonesia | N.A. | Importance of technological interventions in governmental policies in attaining sustainable tourism to tackle marine plastic litter issue | N.A. | - | - | Akhir (2018) A critical analysis of technological interventions towards the national action plan for marine litter management 2018-2025: recommendations for addressing marine plastic litter in the ‘new balis’ of Indonesia sustainably. World Maritime University Dissertations: 661. | https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations/661 | Akhir, K. | Akhir, K. | - | National research framework, coordination | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
43 | 2018 | Indonesia | University of North Sumatra | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in sediments in assessing relation to macrozoobenthos density in Jaring Halus Village | February to April 2017 | Macroplastic transect sampling, microplastics core sampling, macrozoobenthos transect sampling, density separation, visual characterisation, abundance calculation, zoobenthos biota density calculation, statistical analysis (SPSS) | Microplastics (PS, PE, PP in fibres, films, fragments, pellets) and Macroplastics | 3 stations of intertidal areas along coast of Jaring Halus Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia | On coastal beaches | Plastic is the top macro debris on coastal beaches; Microplastics abundance on the coastal beaches sediments in relation to tidal boundary (higher tidal boundary equates to greater amount of microplastics); Macroplastic abundance decreases macrozoobenthos density | Implied sources of fishing, shipping, community activities | Bangun et al. (2018). Impacts of macro - and microplastic on macrozoobenthos abundance in intertidal zone. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 122(1): 012102. IOP Publishing. | http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/122/1/012102 | - | - | Bangun, A.P., Wahyuningsih, H., Muhtadi, A. | Bangun, A.P. | Bangun, A.P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Ecological and environmental impact | 0 | 1 (floating microplastics of PS, PE, PP polymers) | 1 | 1 (films, fibres, fragments, pellets) | Abundance of macroplastic by number of items (item per m2);abundance of microplastic in sediment (particle per kg dry sediment) | abundance of macroplastic by weight (g per m2) | 0 | ||||
44 | 2018 | Indonesia | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Funds from DIPA LIPI from the Government of Indonesi as part of Ekspedisi Widya Nusantara IX (EWIN-IX) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in Sumba pristine outlet of Surabaya river | August 2016 | Rosette water sampling (various depths), filtration, stereomicroscopy characterisation, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis, statistical analysis (Excel) | Microplastics (<5 mm, PS, PE, PP, PA in fibres, fragments, granules, foams) | 10 stations around the Sumba island, a pristine outlet of Surabaya river and prone to ITF | In open ocean around Sumba island | Microplastics abundance in sub-surface pristine waters, not at near-bottom level possibly due to thermocline present | Implied sources from anthropogenic activities around Sumba (fishing nets and ropes, packaging materials) and from other parts of the oceans in the Pacific | Cordova and Hernawan (2018). Microplastics in Sumba waters, East Nusa Tenggara. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing: 012023. | https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/162/1/012023 | - | - | Cordova, M.R., Hernawan, U.E. | Cordova, M.R. | Cordova, M.R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 1 (PS, PE, PP, PA) | 1 | 1 (fibres, fragments, granules, foams) | Abundance (particles per m3) | 0 | 0 | ||||
45 | 2018 | Indonesia | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Funds from COREMAP-CTI program phase 3 | Quantifying, identifying and characterising of microplastics in coral reef sediment in Sekotong, Lombok Island | December 2015 | Dive and shovel sampling, modified flotation extraction, microscopy characterisation, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis | Microplastics (PS, PE, PP in fibres, fragments, granules, foams) | 10 stations along Sekotong, Lombok Island, a stragetic location with rich ITF flow and high shipping activity | In coral reef habitats (depth 3-5 m) | Record of microplastic in coral reef sediment, suggesting extent of microplatic contamination and a need for better plastic waste management | Implied sources primarily from anthropogenic activities on main land of Lombok, such as tourism, fisheries, shipping | Cordova et al. (2018). Occurrence and abundance of microplastics in coral reef sediment: a case study in Sekotong, Lombok-Indonesia. AES Bioflux 10(1): 23-29. | http://www.aes.bioflux.com.ro/docs/2018.23-29.pdf | - | - | Cordova, M.R., Hadi, T., Prayudha, B. | Cordova, M.R. | Cordova, M.R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 1 (PE, PP, PS) | 1 | 1 (foams, fragments, granules, fibres) | Abundance (particles per kg) | 0 | 0 | ||||
46 | 2018 | US | SIT Study Abroad | - | Literature review of marine plastic problem in Bali, Indonesia | - | Review (literature), interview | Macroplastics | Bali, Indonesia | Research explored four main topics: Laws, Disposal methods, Education, Tourism | There are laws and regulations that exist to guide waste disposal and help facilitate recycling and other methods to reduce plastic pollution in Indonesia but they are not enforced; Up and coming disposal methods are promising; Education for environment needs to be improved; Tourism is positive as tourists brings in better ideas and practises of dealing with plastic pollution; There is evident drive among Indonesian to tackle the marine plastic pollution | N.A. | - | - | Giesler (2018). The Plastic Problem: Plastic Pollution in Bali. Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 2937. | https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/2937 | Giesler, K. | Giesler K | - | Laws, administrative measures, Social perceptions | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
47 | 2018 | The Netherlands | Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Participation by Bambang Hermanto was funded by the Adessium Foundation | Examining presence of ALDFG (plastic net) and as a substrate for coral reef | - | N.A., most probably diving | Macoplastics (ALDFG) | Lembeh Straits, Indonesia | N.A. | Presence of ALDFG in in Lembeh Strait, Indonesia; Impact of ALDFG on marine life as an unstable and unnatural substrate | N.A. | Hoeksema and Hermanto (2018). Plastic nets as substrate for reef corals in Lembeh Strait, Indonesia. Coral Reefs 37(3): 631-631. | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-018-1686-x | - | - | Hoeksema, B.W., Hermanto, B. | Hoeksema BW | Hoeksema BW | Contribution from fisheries/ ALDFG | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
48 | 2018 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University (Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science) | Financial support from Unpad Internal Grants (HN.A.), Padjadjaran University (2017). Research fund duration for 11 months in 2017. | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in locally caught fish in Biawak Island, Indonesia | May to July 2017 | Local fisherman fish sampling, (n=14, 7 species: Scarus quoyi, Chaetodon guttatissimus, Priachantus tayanus, Valamugil seheli, lutjanus lutjanus, Lethrinus atkinsoni, and pletorhinchus chrysotaenia) fish type identification (carnivore, herbivore, omnivore), dissection and analysis (gut), mesh plankton net sampling (depth 3 and 4 m), abundance calculation, statistical analysis | Microplastics (in fragments, fibres) | Biawak Island, north coast of Indramayu (a conservation area and a fishing base in Indramayu) | In open ocean and in wild fish (Scarus quoyi, Chaetodon guttatissimus, Priachantus tayanus, Valamugil seheli, lutjanus lutjanus, Lethrinus atkinsoni, and pletorhinchus chrysotaenia) caught locally | Microplastics abundance and ingestion fish; Microplastics ingestion varies with type of fish according to different feeding behaviours (omnivores > herbivores > carnivores) | N.A. | Ismail et al. (2018). Microplastics Ingestion by Fish in the Biawak Island. World Scientific News 106: 230-237 | http://www.worldscientificnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/WSN-106-2018-230-237.pdf | - | - | Ismail, M.R., Lewaru, M.W., Prihardi, D.J. | Ismail, M.R. | Ismail, M.R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fragments, fibres) | Abundance in fish (particles per gram of gut weight); abundance in water (particles per litre) | 0 | 0 | ||||
49 | 2018 | Indonesia | Hasanuddin University; Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Funds from COREMAP phase 3 | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in Labuange beach, South Sulawesi, Indonesia | June to August 2018 | Transect sampling, identification, quantification, abundance calculation | Macroplastics | Labuange beach, Barru District, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia | On coastal beach | Plastic is the top macro debris on a coastal beach with high anthropogenic activities | Implied sources from local residential waste and from ITF drift | Isyrini et al. (2018). Beach debris on Labuange Beach, Barru District, South Sulawesi Province, Malaysia. SPERMONDE 4(2): 74-80. | http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jiks/article/view/6413 | - | - | Isyrini, R., Tambaru, R., Nafie, Y.A.L., Ukkas, M., Cordova, M.R. | Isyrini, R. | Isyrini, R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | Packaging, building and construction, textiles, consumer products, fishing | 0 | - | - | Abundance in quantity (items per m2 per month) | abundance in weight (gram per m2 per month) | 0 | ||||
50 | 2018 | Indonesia | Diponegoro University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in wild Asian green mussels of 3 different salinity in Java Sea | September 2017 | Mussel sampling (n=30), chemical digestion, microscopy characterisation, SEM morphological examination, EDX confirmation | Microplastics (in fibres, fragments, spheres, flakes) | 3 sites in Java Sea in Tambak Lorok coastal area, Indonesia (high salinity, low salinity, brackish water) | In wild bivalves (Asian green mussels, Perna viridis) from marine environment of different salinities | Microplastics abundance in Asian green mussels (Perna virdis); Microplastic abundance varies in different salinity breeding conditions (higher salinity = more microplastics); Potential of it as an indicator for microplastic source | N.A. | Khoironi et al. (2018) The existence of microplastic in Asian green mussels. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 131(1): 012050. IOP Publishing. | http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/131/1/012050 | - | - | Khoironi, A., Anggoro, S., Sudarno | Khoironi, A. | Khoironi, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fibres, fragments, spheres, flakes) | Abundance (particles per 0.25 gram animal tissue) | 0 | 0 | ||||
51 | 2018 | Indonesia | Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in commercial M. Meretrix bivalves in the Wonorejo estuary, downstream of Surabaya river, Indonesia | - | N.A. | Microplastics (in fibres, fragments, 6 colours) | Wonorejo estuary, downstream of Surabaya river, Indonesia | In commercial bivalves (Meretrix meretrix) of an estuary | Evidence of microplastic contamination in commercial bivalves (Meretrix meretrix); Potential as an indicator for microplastic source | N.A. | - | - | Lestari et al. (2018). Preliminary study of microplastics in a commercial bivalve (Meretrix meretrix) from Wonorejo Estuary, Indonesia. In: Presented in the 3rd International Seminar on Marine Technology (SENTA), 5–6 December 2018, Surabaya, Indonesia. | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rusGGF8Nl3rQADgGYbGnlqF636d2k177/view | Lestari, P., Firdaus, M., Trihadiningrum, Y. | Lestari, P. | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 0 | 1 (fibres, fragments) | Abundance (particles per gram soft tissue) | 0 | 0 | ||||
52 | 2018 | Indonesia | University of North Sumatra | Funds from Demand Driven Research COREMAP CTI 2018 and Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI (021 64713850) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in Tunda Island | - | Transect sampling, identification, classification according to International Coastal Cleanup methodology | Macroplastics | 8 stations along coast of Tunda Island, Banten, Indonesia | On coastal beaches with mangrove systems | Plastic is the top macro debris on a coastal beach with high anthropogenic activities; Sources of plastic may come from big cities and from further origins as brought in by ITF | Generally from anthropogenic activities from 2 big cities (Lampung and Banten); those brought in by currents, possibly from hospitals in big cities and of foreign origins | Maharani et al. (2018). Occurrence of beach debris in Tunda Island, Banten, Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences 47: 04006 | https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184704006 | - | - | Maharani, A., Purba, N.P., Faizal, I. | Maharani, A. | Purba, N.P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, source differentiation | Packaging, consumer products | 0 | - | - | Abundance in quantity (number of items) | abundance in weight (kg); abundance in density (kg per m2) | 0 | ||||
53 | 2018 | Indonesia | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Funds from Centre for Deep-Sea Research, LIPI | Literature review of current marine pollution research status and future prospect (of plastic pollution) in the Banda Sea | - | Review (literature) | Microplastics and Macroplastics | Banda Sea, deepest sea in Indonesia with rich biodiversity | Plastic pollution discussed as a future prospect in marine pollution research | Plastic pollution discussed as a future prospect in marine pollution research | N.A. | Manullang et al. (2018). Current Status and Future Prospect of Marine Pollution Research in the Banda Sea. In: IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 184: 012007. | https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/184/1/012007 | - | - | Manullang, C.Y. | Manullang, C.Y. | Manullang, C.Y. | Research framework and coordination | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
54 | 2018 | Sweden | KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Sweden) | - | Examining the effectiveness of a mathematical model in determining the optimal placement of a clean-up system following particle tracking, a case study at Jakarta Bay, Indonesia | February 2011 | Mathematical modelling, clean-up system The Ocean Clean-Up boom, hydrodynamic modelling, particle tracking modelling | Microplastics and Macroplastics | Jakarta Bay, Indonesia | In open ocean of Jakarta Bay | Modelling can be used as a good tool to identify ideal location for placing clean-up systems | N.A. | - | - | Nordén and Karlsson (2018). Optimizing the placement of cleanup systems for marine plastic debris: A multi-objective approach. (Master's Dissertation) | diva2:1215859 | Nordén, A., Karlsson, S. | Nordén, A. | - | Methodology for marine plastic clean-up, Accumulation zones and hotspots | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
55 | 2018 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University; Divers Clean Action; National Marine Protected Area Agency | Funds from Demand-Driven Research Grant (DDRG COREMAP-CTI) and National Institute of Science [B-1206/IPK.02/KS/III/2018]. | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in Savu Sea Marine National Park | June 2018 | Transect sampling, identification (OCC form as reference), quantification, abundance calculation, interview | Macroplastics | 6 beaches of 3 transboundary islands in Savu Sea Marine National Park, Indonesia (Kupang City, Rote Island, and Ndana Island) | On coastal beaches with different characteristics (tourism, recreational, aquaculture, uninhabited, residential) | Plastic is the top macro debris on coastal beaches, especially food wrappers and plastic bags; Most plastic debris are accumulated in high tide and residential area; Marine Protected Area like Savu Sea Marine National Park is not free from plastic pollution | Implied sources of beached debris in Kupang and Rote from population activities (aquaculture, fishing, tourism, residential waste), whereas in Ndana was transported from other places via ocean currents. | Purba et al. (2018a). Distribution of macro debris in Savu Sea Marine National Park (Kupang, Rote, and Ndana Beaches), East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. World News of Natural Sciences 21: 64-76 | http://psjd.icm.edu.pl/psjd/element/bwmeta1.element.psjd-6cf989e0-9e1e-4153-b201-197490f4392a | - | - | Purba, N.P., Ihsan,Y.N., Faizal, I., Handyman, D.I.W., Widiastuti, K.S., Mulyani, P.G., Tefa, M.F., Hilmi, M. | Purba, N.P. | Purba, N.P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, source differentiation | Packaging, building and construction, textiles, consumer products, fishing gears | 0 | - | - | Abundance in quantity (items per m2) | abundance in weight (kg per m2) | 0 | ||||
56 | 2018 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in Pangandaran Beach | May, August, October 2017 | Transect sampling, identification (OCC form as reference), quantification, abundance calculation | Macroplastics | 5 stations along coast of West Pangandaran Beach of high tourism activity | On coastal beach with high tourism | Plastic is the top macro debris on coastal beaches, especially plastic cutlery, straws, and small plastic bags in drought seasons and ciagerette butts in summer | Implied sources from settlement, tourist and from nearby river | Purba et al. (2018b). Distribution of Macro Debris at Pangandaran Beach, Indonesia. World Scientific News 103: 144-156. | http://www.worldscientificnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/WSN-103-2018-144-156.pdf | - | - | Purba, N.P., Apriliani, I.Z., Dewanti, L.P., Herawati, H., Faizal, I. | Purba, N.P. | Purba, N.P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, source differentiation | Packaging, consumer products, fishing gears | 0 | - | - | Abundance in quantity (items per m2) | abundance in weight (kg per m2) | 0 | ||||
57 | 2018 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University | - | Hydrodynamic and particle tracking modelling of microplastic movement from western Pacific Ocean to the northern waters of Indonesia; Examining probability of microplastic patch | 2016 | Hydrodynamic modelling, particle tracking modelling | Microplastics | Transboundary (eastern Indonesia, the Philippines, and the Pacific Ocean) | In open ocean, transboundary from western Pacific Ocean to the northern waters of Indonesia | PGP is not a source of microplastic for those in Indonesian waters | N.A. | Ramos et al. (2018). Microplastic tracking from Pacific Garbage to northern Indonesia Sea. Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 6(1): 87–96. | http://doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v6i1.5178 | - | - | Ramo, A., Purba, N.P., Faizal, I., Mulyani, Y., Syamsudin, M.L. | Ramos, A. | Purba, N.P. | Movement of plastics in water bodies, Accumulation zones and hotspots | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
58 | 2018 | Australia | University of Tasmania CSIRO; Ghostnets Australia | - | Examining possible causes of ALDFG from Australian and Indonesieran fisherman | - | Interview, statistical analysis | Macroplastics (ALDFG) | 2 ports in Australia, 4 ports in Indonesia | At fishing ports | ALDFG arises from challenges in fisheries management (e.g. over-allocation of fishing licenses and N.A.U fishing pressures), there is a need for more sustainable fishery management | Fishing | Richardson et al. (2018). Understanding causes of gear loss provides a sound basis for fisheries management. Marine Policy 96: 278-284. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.02.021 | - | - | Richardson, K., Gunn, R., Wilcox, C., Hardesty, B.D. | Richardson, K. | Richardson, K. | Contribution from fisheries/ ALDFG | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
59 | 2018 | US | World Bank | Funds from DANIDA and technical support of the Royal Embassy of Denmark in Jakarta | Informed and analysing land-based leakage of solid waste, particularly plastics, to the marine environment | - | Rapid field surveys and assessment on waste management profile, waterway waste profile, hotspot mapping, community profiling in 15 cities of Indonesia, review (literature), interview | Macroplastics | 15 sites in coastal cities in Western and Central Indonesia | In solid waste | Evidence of land-based leakage of marine debris and a need for better solid waste management | N.A. | - | - | Shuker and Cadman (2018). Indonesia - Marine debris hotspot rapid assessment: synthesis report (English). Marine Debris Hotspot Rapid Assessment (Synthesis Report). Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/983771527663689822/Indonesia-Marine-debris-hotspot-rapid-assessment-synthesis-report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/983771527663689822/Indonesia-Marine-debris-hotspot-rapid-assessment-synthesis-report | Shuker, I.G., Cadman, C.A. | Shuker, I.G. | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Upstream research/ Waste management, Accumulation zones and hotspots, Social perceptions, guidelines and standards | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
60 | 2018 | US | University of California at Davis; Hasanuddin University | Funds from Partnership for Enhanced Engagement in Research grant from the U.S. Agency for International Development (#2-319 to RA-R), a Graduate K-12 grant (#0841297) from the National Science Foundation and a SEED grant from the University of California at Davis (to SW). | Examining the effectiveness of an educational outreach program in raising awareness of the impacts and scale of marine debris to children in Barrang Lompo, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia | 2013 to 2016 | Educational outreach program, beach clean-up, sampling | Macroplastics | Barrang Lompo, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia | On coastal beaches | Educational outreach of beach clean-up on younger generation is important in driving cultural change and to bring more attention to the marine plastic pollution issue within communities | Implied sources from residential sources for everyday items | Sur et al. (2018). Marine Debris on Small Islands: Insights from an Educational Outreach Program in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia. Frontiers in Marine Science 5:35. | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00035 | - | - | Sur, C. | Sur, C. | Sur, C. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Public outreach/ Beach clean-up, Social perceptions | Packaging, building and construction, textiles, consumer products | 0 | - | - | 0 | Abundance in volume (m3 per m2) | 0 | ||||
61 | 2018 | Indonesia | Jenderal Soedirman University; Raja Ali Haji Maritime University; Riau University | Funds from Kemristekdikti for PKLN Grant No 1968/UN23.14/PN/2018. | Quantifying, identifying and characterising surface microplastics in high human-impact stations around Bintan regency, Riau Islands, Indonesia | - | Neuston net sampling, filtration, spectroscopy characterisation, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis | Microplastics (PE, low density PE, oxidised LDPE, PP, PP Atactic, PP isotactic, PS in fibres, films, fragments, granules) | 11 stations at coastal waters around Bintan Regency, Riau Islands, Indonesia | In coastal, close to human settlement | Microplastics abundance in surface of waters; Potential and success of using a new device to simultaneously grade floating microplastics | Land-based, oceanic influx | Syakti et al. (2018). Simultaneous grading of microplastic size sampling in the Small Islands of Bintan water, Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 137: 593-600. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.005 | - | - | Syakti, A.D., Hidayatic, N.V., Jayab, Y.V., Siregard, S.H., Yudeed, R., Suhendy, Asia, L., Wong-Wah-Chung, P., Doumenq, P. | Syakti, A.D. | Syakti, A.D. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Methodology for the monitoring and assessment of marine litter | - | 1 (PE, LDPE, oxidised LDPE, PP, PP Atactic, PP isotactic, PS) | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, fragments, granules) | Abundance in number (pieces); abundance in concentration (pieces per m3) | 0 | 0 | ||||
62 | 2018 | Indonesia | Hasanuddin University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, at coastal areas of Takalar District and Makassar City | August to October 2016 | Transect sampling (NOAA), identification, quantification, calculation of current speed, waves height, statistical analysis (ANOVA) | Macroplastics, Mesoplastics | 6 sites at Tanjung Bayang and Akkarena beaches and Lae-lae Island (Makassar City) and at Karama, Bodia and Mandi Beaches (Takalar District) | On coastal beaches with high tourism | Record of macroplastic on various beaches with different characteristics | N.A. | Tahir et al. (2018) Short-term Observation on Marine Debris at Coastal Areas of Takalar District and Makassar City, South Sulawesi-Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE 4(2): 48-53. | https://doi.org/10.20956/jiks.v4i2.7061 | - | - | Tahir, A., Werorilangi, S., Isman, F.M., Zulkarnaen, A., Massinai, A., Faizal, A. | Tahir, A. | Tahir, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
63 | 2018 | Indonesia | Hasanuddin University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in Biringkassi River, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia | August 2017 | Sampling (NOAA), identification, quantification, calculation of current speed, statistical analysis (SPSS) | Macroplastics | 3 stations along the Biringkassi river mouth and surrounding coastal area in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi | In riverine and coastal waters | Evidence of land-based leakage of solid waste, particularly plastics, to the marine environment | N.A. | Tangdesu (2018). Identifikasi Sampah Laut di Muara Sungai Biringkasi dan Wilayah Pesisir Sekitarnya di Kabupaten. Ilmu Kelautan Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan Universitas Hasanuddin. Skripsi: L11112256 [In Indonesian]. | http://repository.unhas.ac.id/handle/123456789/27030 | - | - | Tangdesu, T.R.C. | Tangdesu, T.R.C. | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | Packaging, consumer products, fishing gears | 0 | - | - | Abundance in quantity (pieces) | abundance in mass (kg) | 0 | ||||
64 | 2018 | Indonesia | University of North Sumatra | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising micro- and macro-plastics in sediments in assessing sediment texture to plastic density in Jaring Halus Village | February to April 2017 | Core sampling (sediment), data analysis via SPSS | Microplastics and Macroplastics | 3 stations of intertidal areas along coast of Jaring Halus Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia | On coastal beaches | Significant relationship of (smaller) sediment size to (higher) microplastics adsorption | N.A. | Wahyuningsih et al. (2018). The relation of sediment texture to macro- and microplastic abundance in intertidal zone. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 122(1): 012101. IOP Publishing. | http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/122/1/012101 | - | - | Wahyuningsih, H., Bangun, A.P., Muhtadi, A. | Wahyuningsih, H. | Wahyuningsih, H. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 (films, fibres, fragments, pellets) | Abundance of macroplastic (type per m2); abundance of microplastic (type per kg) | abundance of macroplastic in weight (gram) | 0 | ||||
65 | 2017 | Indonesia | Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; Universitas Dhyana Pura Bali | Funds from Research Institute for Coastal Resource and Vulnerability, Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Republic of Indonesia, Padang for the 2015 research funding | Quantifying, identifying, characterising and comparing coastline, seabed and floating macroplastic on Kuta Beach, Bali, during different seasons; Examining possible sources of macroplastic; Assessing local's awareness and perspective of marine pollution responsibility | March, April, December 2015, and February 2016 | Sampling, dive transect sanpling, net sampling, visual survey, hydrodynamic modelling, particle trajectory modelling, interview | Macroplastics | Beach litter along coast of Kuta beach, seabed litter at 6 sites offshore Kuta beach, floating litter at North of Kuta, litter source differentiation at 5 river mouths in the South and West of Bali and 1 river mouth in the East Java | On coastal beach, open ocean, river mouth | Evidence of macroplastics on a beach with high anthropogenic activities; Need better waste management and clean-up strategies | Implied sources from Bali Straits and other sources in the South of Bali | Husrin et al. (2017). Characteristics of Marine Litters in the West Coast of Bali | https://doi.org/10.15578/segara.v13i2.6449.g5423 | - | - | Husrin, S,. Wisha, U.J., Prasetyo, R., Putra, A., Attamimi, A. | Husrin, S. | Husrin, S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Movement of plastics in water bodies, Social perceptions | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 | Abundance in weight (kg) | 0 | ||||
66 | 2017 | Indonesia | Bogor Agricultural University | Funds from Kurita Water Environmental Foundation (KWEF). | Quantifying, identifying and characterising of microplastics in riverbed sediment in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia | December 2015, January 2016 | Sediment grab sampling, density separation, filtration, visual characterisation, microscopy characterisation, FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis (macroplastics), statistical analysis | Microplastics (in fibres, fragments, pellets) and Macroplastics (PP, PET, polyester fibre, nylon, dipar, EDPM,) | 2 sites at riverbeds of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia (Pluit, Ancol) with 2 sampling point at each site (close to the sea and away from the sea) | In riverbed sediment | Microplastics and macroplastics abundance in estuarine sediment; Need for better microplastic characterisation in revealing sources and management | Implied sources from secondary sources for plastic bags | Manalu et al. (2017). Microplastics abundance in coastal sediments of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation Bioflux 10(5): 1164-1173. | http://www.bioflux.com.ro/home/volume-10-5-2017/ | - | - | Manalu, A.A., Hariyadi, S., Wardiatno, Y. | Manalu, A.A. | Manalu, A.A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | 0 | 1 (PP, PET, polyester fibre, nylon, dipar, EDPM) | 1 | 1 (fibres, fragments, pellets) | Abundance (particles per kg dry sediment) | 0 | 0 | ||||
67 | 2017 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University (Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science and KOMITMEN Research Group) | Funds from UNPAD, which has funded activities BIEXRE IandII Project (2012-2013), T-RAX-BOPTN Project (2013), MYSEA-BOPTN Project (2014). | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in Biawak Island, Indramayu, Indonesia | 2013 and 2014 | Transect sampling (N.A.CN), identification, quantification, interview | Macroplastics | 4 stations along shoreline of Biawak island, of which 1 station is of coastal | On beaches with different characteristics (mangroves, rubble, silt, coastal, sloping) | Plastic is the top macro debris on coastal beaches, especially fishing ropes, foam, beverage bottle, bottle caps | Implied sources from residential sources, fishing, shipping activities or other origins as brought in by currents | Purba et al. (2017). Distribution of marine debris in Biawak Island, West Java, Indonesia. World Scientific News 66: 281-292. | https://www.infona.pl/resource/bwmeta1.element.psjd-bae3073e-4339-4179-b589-e62542c4c000 | - | - | Purba, N.P., Syamsuddin, M.L., Sandro, R., Pangetsu, I.F., Prasetio, M.R. | Purba, N.P. | Purba, N.P. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, source differentiation | Transportation, fishing gears, packaging, consumer products | 0 | - | - | 0 | Abundance in weight (kg) | 0 | ||||
68 | 2017 | Indonesia | Jenderal Soedirman University; Raja Ali Haji Maritime University | Funds from DIPA UNSOED (DIPA/023.04.2. 189899.2014) | Discussing standardized microplastic monitoring methodologies in various marine environments | - | Review (literature), methodologies (collection, pretreatment, extraction, quantification, enumeration) | Microplastics | Indonesia, the country as a whole | In sea water, beach and seabed sediment and marine biota | Reviewing standardized methods for microplastic sampling and analysis in sea water, beach and seabed sediment and marine organism. | N.A. | Syakti (2017). Microplastics Monitoring in Marine Environment. Omni-Akuatika 11 (2): 1–6 | http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2017.13.2.430 | - | - | Syakti, A.D. | Syakti, A.D. | Syakti, A.D. | National research framework, coordination, Methodology for the monitoring and assessment of marine litter | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
69 | 2017 | Indonesia | Jenderal Soedirman University; Raja Ali Haji Maritime University; Aix Marseille University | Funds from DIPA UNSOED (2014) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, on Cilacap coast, Indonesia | 2013 to 2015 | Transect sampling, identification, quantification, manta trawl sampling, identification, quantification, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis, | Microplastics (PS, PP, PE, LDPE, 8 colours) and Macroplastics (PET, HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, PS, PC) | 8 stations along Cilacap coast, south coast of Java | On coastal beach and in open ocean | Microplastics abundance in surface of waters; Macroplastics abundance in intertidal shoreline | Implied sources of macroplastic from the recreational beach and from the Donan and Serayu Rivers nearby study site | Syakti et al. (2017). Beach macro-litter monitoring and floating microplastic in a coastal area of Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 122(1-2): 217-225. | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.06.046 | - | - | Syakti, A.D., Bouhroum, R., Hiidayati, N.V., Koenawan, C.J., Boulkamh, A., Sulistyo, I., Lebarillier, S., Akhlus, S., Doumenq, P, Wong-Wah-Chung, P. | Syakti, A.D. | Syakti, A.D. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Fragmentation and degradation | - | 1 (Microplastics: PS, PP, PE, LDPE; Macroplastics: PET, HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, PS, PC) | 1 | 0 | Abundance in quantity (pieces) | abundance in weight (mg); abundance in concentration (mg per m3) | 1 | ||||
70 | 2016 | Bangladesh | Asian University for Women | Funds from Asian University for Women | Quantifying, identifying and characterising of microplastics on sea turtle nesting beaches around the Indian Ocean, in relation to further examining the potential of microplastic threat to sea turtle | - | Sand sampling, separation, identification, quantification, dissecting microscopy characterisation, abundance calculation | Microplastics (microfibres) | 9 beaches in 9 countries in the Indian Ocean (Australia, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Tanzania) | On coastal beaches | Microplastics abundance on identified sea turtle nesting beaches around the Indian Ocean, especially microfibres | Implied sources of microfibres from textiles, carpets, polypropylene materials | Balasubramaniam and Phillott (2016). Preliminary Observations of Microplastics From Beaches In The Indian Ocean. Indian Ocean Turtle Newsletter 23:13-16. | http://www.seaturtle.org/library/BalasubramaniamM_2016_IndOceanTurtleNewsletter.pdf | - | - | Balasubramaniam, M., Phillott, A.D. | Balasubramaniam, M. | Balasubramaniam, M. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fibres) | Abundance in quantity (number of fibres per 25g sand) | 0 | 0 | ||||
71 | 2016 | Indonesia | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Funds from the Government of Indonesia for the flagship program research cruise (R/V Baruna Jaya VIII) on the Ekspedisi Widya Nusantara (E-WIN) 2015 | Quantifying, identifying and characterising of microplastics in deep-sea sediment in Southwestern Sumatera waters | May 2015 | Core sampling (sediment), modified floatation extraction, microscopy characterisation | Microplastics (in fibres, granules) | 10 stations in Southwestern Sumatera waters | In deep-sea sediment of various depths | First evidence of microplastics abundance in deep-sea sediments, abudantly found at depth less than 500m but has is present even at depth of more than 2000m | N.A. | Cordova and Wahyudi (2016). Microplastic in the deep-sea sediment of southwestern Sumatera waters. Marine Research in Indonesia 41(1): 27-35. | https://doi.org/10.14203/mri.v41i1.99 | - | - | Cordova, M.R., Wahyudi, A.J. | Cordova, M.R. | Cordova, M.R. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (granules, fibres) | Abundance in quantity (pieces) | 0 | 0 | ||||
72 | 2016 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University | - | Hydrodynamic and particle tracking modelling of microplastic movement at Indramayu | - | Mesh plankton net sampling, identication, quantification | Microplastics | 10 stations along the Java Sea | In open ocean of Java Sea | Examining particle movement and accumulation of microplastic through modelling | N.A. | - | - | Pangetsu et al. (2016). Kondisi Microplastic Di Perairan Indramayu, Jawa Barat. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Fisheries and Maritime Affairs: Technology, Law and Policy Synergy on Fisheries and Marine Sciences Toward Food Sovereignty in AEC (Bandung, Indonesia), 382 [In Indonesian]. | https://www.academia.edu/33828904/Prosiding_Semnas_Jaring_Dinding | Pangestu, I.F., Purba, N.P., Syamsyudin, M.L. | Pangestu, I.F. | Pangestu, I.F. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Abundance in mass (mg) | 0 | ||||
73 | 2015 | Indonesia | Padjadjaran University (Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science and KOMITMEN Research Group); Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in Kuta beach, Bali | - | Sampling, identification, quantification, interview | Macroplastics | Along the coast of Kuta Beach, Bali | On coastal beaches, highly affected by monsoonal debris influx | Record of macroplastic on various beaches with different characteristics | N.A. | - | - | Attamimi et al. (2015) Investigation of marine debris in Kuta Beach, Bali. In: Suhartanto et al., (eds). Proceedings of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, Integrated Water System and Governance (Malang, East Java, Indonesia). C1-7 pp. | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279298698_Investigation_Marine_Debris_in_Kuta_Bali | Attamimi, A., Purba, N.P., Anggraini, S.R., Harahap, S.A. | Attamimi, A. | Attamimi, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, social perceptions | Packaging, consumer products, fishing gears | 0 | - | - | number of pieces | 0 | 0 | ||||
74 | 2015 | Indonesia | Mulawarman University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising of microplastics in various sediments in Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegara regency, Indonesia | April 2015 | Sediment sampling (pipe, depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm), density separation, microscopy characterisation, abundance calculation, statistical analysis (SPSS) | Microplastics (PE, PS, PP in fibres, films, fragments) | 4 stations at Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, including 1 in the open ocean | In various sediment (residential, in mangrove, near the beach and away from residential areas) | Microplastics abundance in various sediments (residential, in mangrove, near the beach and away from residential areas) | Implied sources from residential sources, fishing | Dewi et al. (2015). Distribution of microplastic at sediment in the Muara Badak Subdistrict,Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Depik Jurnal Ilmu - Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan 4(3): 121-131. [In Indonesian], | http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.4.3.2888 | - | - | Dewi, I.S., Ritonga, I.R. | Dewi, I.S. | Dewi, I.S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 0 | 1 | 1 (fragments, films, fibres) | number of particles per kg dry sediment | 0 | 0 | ||||
75 | 2015 | US | University of California at Davis; Hasanuddin University | Funds from US-based grants: NOAA Marine Debris Research Grant, UC Davis Outreach and International Programme SEED Grant, National Science Foundation's Graduate K-12, NIEHS Superfund Research Programme | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in fish sold in fish market in Indonesia | August to November 2014 | Fish market fish sampling (n=76, 11 species), dissection and analysis (GI tract), identification, quantification, dissecting microscopy characterisation, imageJ software measurement | Microplastics and Macroplastics | Paotere Fish Market in Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia | In fish sold in fish market, 11 species: tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma), silver-stripe round herring (Spratelloides gracilis), from the family Carangidae (could not be identified to genera), rabbitfish (2 Siganus argenteus, 3 Siganus fuscescens, 2 Siganus canaliculatus), humpback red snapper (Lutjanus gibbus) and oxeye scad (Selar boops) | Microplastics abundance in seafood, fish and bivalves, meant for human consumption, especially pelagic fishes | N.A. | Rochman et al. (2015). Anthropogenic debris in seafood: Plastic debris and fibres from textiles in fish and bivalves sold for human consumption. Scientific Reports 5: 14340. | https://doi.org./10.1038/srep14340 | - | - | Rochman, C.M., Tahir, A., Williams, S.L., Baxa, D.V., Lam, R., Miller, J.T., The, F.C., Werorilangi, S., The, S.J. | Rochman, C.M. | Rochman, C.M. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 0 | 0 (included all > 0.5 mm) | 1 (fragments, films, monofilaments, styrofoams) | Abundance in quantity (particles per individual) | 0 | 0 | ||||
76 | 2014 | Indonesia | Bogor Agricultural University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising macroplastics and microplastics in mangrove ecosystem of Pantai Indah Kapuk, Jakarta | March to August 2014 | Transect sampling, identification, quantification, sediment sampling, density separation, | Microplastics (in fibres, films, fragments) and Macroplastics | 6 stations along the mangrove coast of Jakarta Bay | In coastal mangrove and mangrove sediment | Macroplastics abundance on mangrove ecosystem; Microplastics abundance in mangrove sediments, up to 30 cm; Microplastics abundance is not correlated to macroplastics abundance | N.A. | Hastuti et al. (2014). Spatial distribution of marine debris in mangrove ecosystem of Pantai Indah Kapuk, Jakarta. Bonoworo Wetlands 4(2): 94-107. [In Indonesian]. | https://www.smujo.id/bw/article/view/2259 | - | - | Hastuti, A.R., Yulianda, F., Wardiatno, Y. | Hastuti, A.R. | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 (fibres, films, fragments) | number of items per m2; number of particles per kg dry sediment | weight of macroplastics (g per m2) | 0 | ||||
77 | 2014 | Indonesia | Hasanuddin University | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising land and marine debris into different types, including marine plastic, in Barrang Lompo Island | - | Sampling (NOAA), dive sediment sampling, identification, quantification, interview, SWOT analysis | Macroplastics | Along the coast of Barrang Lompo Island and on the seabed (2m left and right of a transect tape) | On coastal beach and on surface of seabed | Review of waste management, relating to plastic as marine waste | N.A. | - | - | Oktaviana et al. (2014). Constraints and Strategies of Solid Waste Management in Barrang Lompo Island. Dipublish oleh Program Pascasarjana UNHAS pada tanggal 2015-03-20 11:03:44. [In Indonesian]. | http://pasca.unhas.ac.id/jurnal/files/7f8aedc76e4aad3cb1bbc3eada86a6f2.pdf | Oktaviana, M., Jompa, J., Amiruddin | Oktaviana, M. | Oktaviana, M. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, social perceptions | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 | weight of plastics (kg) | 0 | ||||
78 | Lao PDR (n=0) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
79 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
80 | Malaysia (n=36) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | 2020 | Malaysia | Universiti Malaysia Terengganu | Funds from Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICoE) of Institute of Oceanography and Environment (INOS), [HICoE: 66928], Knowledge and Technology Assimilation Grants [KTAG: 58902], Universiti Malaysia Terengganu | Quantifying, identifying, characterising and comparing microplastic in zooplankton and seawater in Terangganu coast, Malaysia | August 2017 | Sampling (mesh plankton net sampling (3m depth)), microplastics extraction (filtration, chemical digestion), microplastics characterisation (stereomicroscopy characterisation, identification, quantification, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis), zooplankton analysis (abundance calculation), microplastics ingestion (rate calculation), statistical analysis (SPSS) | Microplastics (PE, PS, PA, PVC, PP, PET in fibres, fragments) | 5 stations off Terangganu coast, Malaysia, southern South China Sea (depth ranging from 10m to 15m around islands (ST 1;Pulau Karah, ST 2; Pulau Bidong, and ST 4; Pulau Redang), up to 24m in the open ocean (ST 3), 5m depth near the coast (ST 5)) | In sub-surface waters of open ocean, coastal waters and in zooplankton (6 dominant groups: cyclopoids, calanoids, polychaetes, shrimps and zoea, chaetognaths and fish larvae) | Microplastics abundance in sub-surface seawater up to 3m, especially fibres and of polyamide polymer type; Microplastics abundance and low ingestion in all 6 zooplankton groups, especially fibres and fragments, in order of highest ingestion incidence in copepods > fish larvae > polychaetes > shrimp and zoea > chaetognaths | Implied sources of fibres from textiles, most likely from nearby fishing, recreational boating, and/or wastewater effluent. | Amin et al. (2020) Microplastic ingestion by zooplankton in Terengganu coastal waters, southern South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 150: 110616 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110616 | - | - | Amin, R.M., E. S. Sohaimi, S.T. Anuar & Z. Bachok | Amin, R.M. | Amin, R.M. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 1 (PE, PS, PA, PVC, PP, PET) | 1 | 1 (fibres, fragments) | Abundance in seawater (particles per litre); abundance in marine biota (particles per individual) | 0 | 0 | ||||
82 | 2019 | Malaysia | Universiti Sains Malaysia; Natural Resources Wales; University of Tasmania | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising mangrove debris into different types, including plastic, in 4 mangroves of Malaysia | October, November 2018 | Sampling (quadrat sampling), identification, quantification, statistical analysis | Macroplastics | 4 sites on Penang Island, 2 urban (Jelutong, Free Trade Zone) and 2 peri-urban mangroves (Pantai Aceh, Balik Pulau) | On coastline of mangroves | Plastic is the top macro debris in mangroves, showing high ability to retain debris; Positive correlation between population density and anthropogenic macro debris abundance | N.A. | - | - | Chee et al. (2019). Anthropogenic marine debris and its dynamics across peri-urban and urban mangroves on Penang Island, Malaysia. bioRxiv 756106. | http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/756106 | Chee, S.Y., Y.J. Chai, D. Carey, Y. Yusup & J.B. Gallagher | Chee, S.Y. | Chee, S.Y., Gallagher, J.B. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | Packaging, consumer products, fishing gears | 0 | - | - | Abundance in quantity (items per 100 m2) | 0 | 0 | ||||
83 | 2019 | Nigeria | Nnamdi Azikiwe University; Universiti Putra Malaysia | Funds from Association of Commonwealth Universities through the Commonwealth Blue Charter research fellowship grant | Developing and application of a Plastic Waste Leakage Model using GIS geospatial technology for land-based plastic leakage to the ocean | - | Extraction of GIS dataset, developing the plastic leakage density map via consideration of Plastic Waste Litter Leakage Model (PWLLM), Plastic Waste Density Model (PWDM), Plastic Waste Drainage Leakage Model (PWDLM) put together based on geo environmental factors, statistical data and consumer’s behavior, sampling (determination of plastic litter in a rectangle-shaped area set up with a measuring tape at the sample points similar to litter accumulation assessment methodology of Kiessling et al., (2019)) | Macroplastics | 4 sites in the Selangor state, a highly populated area with high plastic usage (Petaling, Cheras, Kajang and Semenyih) | In riverine waters leading to the open ocean | Potential of this study and the developed graphical model to be in mitigating pollution from plastic waste | N.A. | - | - | Chukwuma et al. (2019) GIS Based Analysis of Plastic Waste Leakage in Parts of Selangor State of Malaysia. In 2019 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) Annual International Meeting: 1900079. | https://doi.org/10.13031/aim.201900079 | Chukwama, E.C., A.R.B.M. Shariff, C.M. Hasfalina, A.A. Mohamed, L.C. Abdullah | Chukwuma, E.C. | - | Upstream research/ waste management | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
84 | 2019 | Malaysia | University of Malaya; Universiti Teknologi MARA; University Science Malaysia; Department of Fisheries Malaysia | Funds from Department of Marine Park Malaysia (DMPM) for the research grant (GA005-2018) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including plastic, in 2 beaches of Malaysia; Examining occurences of marine debris in relation to dry and rainy seasons | April to December 2018 | Sampling (strip transect sampling, monthly (spring tide) across rainy and dry seasons), identification (25 categories), quantification, weighing, | Macroplastics | 2 beaches on islands of Malaysia, with different characteristics (Marine park at Pulau Payar, Kedah and recreational at Pulau Tioman, Pahang) | On coastal beaches of Malaysia, with different characteristics (marine park, recreational) | Coastline debris varies on both beaches but plastic is the top macro debris, especially polysterene, HDPE plastics, ciagerette butts, etc.; more steps needs to be taken to mitigate this plastic pollution issue | N.A. | - | - | Fauziah et al. (2019) Technical Report: Abundance and Distribution of Marine Debris on Selected Beaches of Marine Park Islands. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337149784_Technical_Report_ABUNDANCE_AND_DISTRIBUTION_OF_MARINE_DEBRIS_ON_SELECTED_BEACHES_OF_MARINE_PARK_ISLANDS_DEPARTMENT_OF_FISHERIES_MALAYSIA_Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Industry_Based | Fauziah, S.H., S.H. Siti, L. Japareng, H. Auwalu & P. Agamuthu | Fauziah, S.H. | - | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | Packaging, consumer products | 0 | - | - | Abundance (items per m2) | 0 | 0 | ||||
85 | 2019 | Malaysia | Juara Turtle Project | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising ingested debris, including plastic, in dead sea turtle (Chelonia mydas green turtle) of Tioman Island, Malaysia | June 2017 | Opportunistic sampling (green turtle, Chelonia mydas), dissection and analysis (gut), identification, quantification, enumeration | Macroplastics | Tioman island, Malaysia | In wild sea turtle, green turtle (Chelonia mydas) | Plastic debris was found in mass inside the gut of the sea turtle, especially monofilament lines and string pieces; First documentation of sea turtle death as a result of plastic ingestion and eventual starvation of the animal in Tioman Island | N.A. | - | - | Hocajo-Berná et al. (2019) Necropsy of a Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) and the Impacts of Plastic Pollution in Tioman Island, Malaysia. Marine Turtle Newsletter 158: 14-15. | http://www.seaturtle.org/mtn/PDF/MTN158.pdf | Hocajo-Berná, A., García-Baciero, D. Yap, N. Izzati-Roslan | Hocajo-Berná | - | Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
86 | 2019 | Iran | Alzahra University (Iran); Kian Fara Pars Pharmaceutical Co. (Iran); Universiti Putra Malaysia; Dalhousie University (Canada); Griffith University (Australia) | Funds from the Malaysian Government under Fundamental Research Grant (04-01-14-1446FR), Ministry of Higher Educatio | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in commercial fish from fish market in Malaysia | - | Sampling (local fish market, 8 marine and 3 freshwaterspecies, origins unknown), dissection and analysis (gills, digestive tract, kidney, liver, heart, and spleen), visual characterisation (stereomicroscopy), Raman spectroscopy polymer analysis, FESEM-EDX polymer analysis | Microplastics (PE, PP, PET (+ pigment phthalocyanine) in fragments, fibres, films) | Local fish market in Seri Kembangan, Malaysia | In commercial fish sold in fish market (11 species: Torpedo scad (Megalaspis cordyla), Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis), Longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol), Threefinger threadfin (Eleutheronema tridactylum), African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Cachama (Colossoma macropomum), Delagoa threadfin bream (Nemipterus bipunctatus), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and Oxeye scad (Selar boops)) | 9 out of 11 species contained plastic debris, highest in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and none in Oxeye scad and Kawakawa; Most common polymer type is of PE, fragments | N.A. | Karbalaei et al. (2019) Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in commercial marine fish from Malaysia. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 148: 5-15. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.07.072 | - | - | Karbalaei, S., A. Golieskardi, H.B. Hamzah, S. Abdulwahid, P. Hanachi, T.R. Walker & A. Karami | Karbalaei, S. | Karbalaei, S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild, branchial uptake of plastic in the wild) | - | 1 (PE, PP, PET) | 0 (microplastics (0.001–1 mm) | 1 (fragments, fibres, films) | Abundance in quantity (particles per individual) | 0 | 0 | ||||
87 | 2018 | Malaysia | Universiti Malaysia Terengganu | - | Quantifying, identifying, characterising and comparing ingested microplastics in wild and farmed sea cucumbers (Holothuria scabra) in Malaysian waters | - | Sampling (wild and farmed sea cucumber (Holothuria scrabra)), microplastic inspection, dissection and analysis (chemical digestion), filtration, microplastic characterisation (dissecting microscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis) | Microplastics (PP, 5 colours) | 2 sites in Malaysia (Cage culture: Pulau Langkawi on Andaman Sea, wild: Pulau Bidong on South China Sea) | In wild and farmed sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra) | Microplastic is abundant in the marine sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra) in Malaysia, especially of PP polymer type, in filaments; There is more microplastics found in the farmed sea cucumber than the wild, possibly since the animals were cultured under natural conditions and the water columns has access with seawater flowing in and out | N.A. | - | - | Anuar et al. (2018) Investigation and Spectroscopic Characterisation of Microplastic Ingested by Echinodermata (Holothuridae) of Malaysian Waters. In: International Conference on Plastics in the Marine Environment 2018. | N.A. | Anuar, S.T., N.F.S.A. Wahab, A.A. Azmi, W.M.A.W.M. Halik, S. Lehta & Y.S. Ibrahim | Anuar, S.T. | Anuar, S.T. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 1 (PP) | 0 | 1 (filaments) | Abundance in quantity (particles) | 0 | 0 | ||||
88 | 2018 | Malaysia | University of Malaya; Hezekiah University (Nigeria) | Funds from Faculty of Science, University of Malaya under grant RF005B-2018 | Reviewing effects of ingested microplastic in marine organisms on a global scale | - | Review (literature) | Microplastics | Global | In marine organisms | Ingestion of plastic has serious repercussions in the growth and survival of marine biota, trophic transfer between animals and is a serious concern with the rising amount of microplastics in the marine waters | N.A. | Egbeocha et al. (2018). Feasting on microplastics: ingestion by and effects on marine organisms. Aquatic Biology 27: 93-106. | https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00701 | - | - | Egbeocha, C.O., S. Malek, C.U. Emenike & P. Milow | Egbeocha, C.O. | Egbeocha, C.O. | Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
89 | 2018 | Malaysia | Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | - | Reviewing global abundance and distribution of microplastics in marine and freshwater ecosystems | - | Review (literature) | Microplastics | Global | N.A. | Findings revealed that the accumulation of microplastics varies geographically, with locations, hydrodynamic conditions, environmental pressure, and time. | N.A. | Fauziah et al. (2018). Worldwide distribution and abundance of microplastic: How dire is the situation? Waste Management and Research 36(10): 873–897. | https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X18785730 | - | - | Fauziah SH, Mehran SB, Norkhairiyah A, Norkhairah A, Priya M, Agamuthu P | Fauziah, S.H. | - | Research framework and coordination | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
90 | 2018 | Malaysia | Universiti Putra Malaysia; Monash University Malaysia; HORIBA Jobin Yvon S.A.S. (France) | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics and mesoplastics in canned sardines and sprats manufactured for direct human consumption | - | Sampling (canned sardines and sprats, 13 countries, 20 brands), sampling (local fish market sampling, dead rainbow sardines (Dussumieria acuta)), steaming experiment, microplastics extraction (method following Karami et al. 2017, chemical digestion, filtration), microplastic characterisation (visual characterisation, stereomicroscopy characterisation, µ-Raman microscopy polymer analysis, Energy-dispersive spectroscopy polymer analysis) | Microplastics, mesoplastics (PP, PET, PVC, PE (+ 3 additives: Titianium dioxide, phthalocyanine, Titianium dioxide; phthalocyanine) in fragments, films, filaments) | Canned products obtained from 13 countries, with only Thailand, Viet Nam, Malaysia from the ASEAN region. Rainbox sardines obtained from a local market in Malaysia. | In canned products of sardines and sprats, spiked rainbow sardines (Dussumieria acuta) | 4 out of 20 brands examined had microplastic contamination, especially of PP and PET polymer types, possible due to translocation of these particles into the edible tissues, improper gutting, or the result of contamination from the canneries; Low microplastic contamination may indicate limited health risks as of now | N.A. | Karami et al. (2018). Microplastic and mesoplastic contamination in canned sardines and sprats. Science of the Total Environment 612: 1380-1386. | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.005 | - | - | Karami, A., Golieskardi, A., Choo, C.K., Larat, V., Karbalaei, S., Salamantia, B. | Karami, A. | Karami, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 1 (PP, PET, PVC, PE) | 0 (microplastics (0.001–1 mm) | 1 (fragments, fibres, films) | Abundance in quantity (particles) | 0 | 0 | ||||
91 | 2018 | Malaysia | Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (Microplastic Research Interest Group) | Funds from the Ministry of HIgher Education (MOHE) and Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (FR59457) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics found in Malaysian marine waters near Kuala Nerus and Kuantan port. | September to October 2015 | Sampling (steel bucket), microplastics extraction (filtration, sieveing, density separation), microplastics characterisation (visual characterisation, stereomicroscopy characterisation, dissecting microscopy quantification, FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis), statistical analysis | Microplastics (PE, PS, PA, PVC, PP, PE in fragments, filaments, irregulars, 8 colours) | 5 stations along each of the 2 sites (Kuala Nerus and Kuantan port) along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, with different anthropogenic activities (non-urban vs urban) | In coastal waters near port | Microplastic is abundant in both sites, especially higher in Kuala Nerus, although anthropogenic dynamic activities between the two studied areas displayed no significant difference; Polymer identified in Kuantan port is namely, polyester, polystyrene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene. Meanwhile, polymer group found in Kuala Nerus was derived from polyamide and polypropylene materials. | Implied sources of PE from nearby fishery activities | Khalik et al. (2018). Microplastics analysis in Malaysian marine waters: A field study of Kuala Nerus and Kuantan. Marine Pollution Bulletin 135: 451-457. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.052 | - | - | Khalik, W.M.A.W.M., Ibrahim, Y.S., Anuar, S.T., Govindasamy, S., Baharuddin, N.F. | Khalik, W.M.A.W.M. | Ibrahim, Y.S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 1 (PE, PS, PA, PVC, PP, PE) | 1 | 1 (fragments, filaments) | Abundance in quantity (particles per litre) | 0 | 0 | ||||
92 | 2018 | Malaysia | Universiti Putra Malaysia; Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM); SOKA University (Japan) | - | Estimating microplastic emission from personal care and cosmetics products into the marine environment in Malaysia | - | Sampling (questionnaire, top 5 facial cleaner/scrub and toothpaste products), microplastic extraction (modified method described by Cheung and Fok (2017)), microplastic characterisation (microscopy characterisation, ImageJ measurement analysis, FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis), microplastic emission estimation (equation calculation of direct microplastics emissions from personal care products and cosmetics in areas without sewage treatment (DME) and microplastics escape (ME)) from WWTP. | Microplastics (LDPE, PP, CP) | Malaysia, the country as a whole | In personal care and cosmetics products | Top personal care and cosmetics products used contains microplastics LDPE and PP; An estimated 0.199 trillion microplastics are emitted into the environment annually in Malaysia through face cleaner/scrub and toothpaste products, 95% are through direct emission of untreated sewage | Primary microplastic mainly from direct emission of untreated sewage | Praveena et al. (2018). Exploration of microplastics from personal care and cosmetic products and its estimated emissions to marine environment: An evidence from Malaysia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 136: 135-140. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.012 | - | - | Praveena, S.M., S.B.N. Shaifuddin & S. Akizuki | Praveena, S.M. | Praveena, S.M. | Upstream research/ Waste management, source differentiation | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
93 | 2017 | Malaysia | University of Malaya; Federal University of Technology (Nigeria) | Funds from University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur for the Postgraduate Research Fund via grants (Project number: PG 135-2015B). | Examining potential of bacterial isolates of mangrove sediment in degrading UV-treated PE, PET, PP, PS polymer types microplastics | - | Sediment sampling (spatula, depth 0-4cm), bacterial isolation and identification (Biolog GEN III microplate protocol), screening for microplastic degradation, microbial formulation, biodegradation experiment, microplastic changes characterisation (ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis, SEM characterisation), statistical analysis | Microplastics (PE, PET, PP, PS) | 6 mangroves in Peninsular Malaysia (Matang in Perak, Cherating in Pahang, Tanjung Piai in Johor, Sekam in Melaka, Sedili Basar in Johor, Pasir Puteh in Kelantan); laboratory | In bacteria isolates (Bacilus cereus and Bacilus gottheilii) of mangrove sediment | Potential of bacterial isolates (Bacillus cereus and Bacillus gottheilii) for degradation of microplastics that has been UV treated, suggesting a novel approach in combating plastic pollution using | N.A. | Auta et al. (2017a). Screening of Bacillus strains isolated from mangrove systems in Peninsular Malaysia for microplastic degradation. Environmental Pollution 231(2): 1552-1559. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.043 | - | - | Auta, H.S., C.U. Emenike & S.H. Fauziah | Auta, H.S. | Auta, H.S. | Methodology for the monitoring and assessment of marine litter | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
94 | 2017 | Malaysia | University of Malaya; Federal University of Technology (Nigeria) | Funds from University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur for the Postgraduate Research Fund via grants (Project number: PG 135-2015B). | Examining polypropylene-degrading microorganisms in mangrove sediments obtained from Peninsular Malaysia | - | Sediment sampling (spatula, depth 1-5cm), bacterial isolation and identification (Biolog GEN III microplate protocol), screening for PP degradation, microbial formulation, biodegradation experiment | Microplastics (PP) | 6 mangroves in Peninsular Malaysia (Matang in Perak, Cherating in Pahang, Tanjung Piai in Johor, Sekam in Melaka, Sedili Basar in Johor, Pasir Puteh in Kelantan); laboratory | In bacteria isolates (Bacilus cereus and Sporosarcina globispora) of mangrove sediment | Bacilus cereus and Sporosarcina globispora were identified as polypropylene-degrading microorganisms in mangrove sediments obtained, can therefore be used to reduce the quantity of microplastic waste in the environment; efficiency of Bacillus cereus to degrade polypropylene was higher than that of S. globispora | N.A. | Auta et al. (2017). Screening for Polypropylene Degradation Potential of Bacteria Isolated from Mangrove Ecosystems in Peninsular Malaysia. International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics 7(4): 245-251. | https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2017.7.4.245-251 | - | - | Auta, H.S., C.U. Emenike & S.H. Fauziah | Auta, H.S. | Auta, H.S. | Methodology for the monitoring and assessment of marine litter | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
95 | 2017 | Malaysia | University of Malaya; Federal University of Technology (Nigeria) | Funds from University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur for the Postgraduate Research Fund (PPP) for funding this research via grants, Project number: PG 135-2015B. | Global outlook at the concentration, biological impact, distribution sources and fate of microplastics | - | Review (literature) | Microplastics | Global | N.A. | The concentration, distribution sources and fate of microplastics in the global marine environment were discussed, so also was the impact of microplastics on a wide range of marine biota | N.A. | Auta et al. (2017b). Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environment: A review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions. Environment International 102: 165-176. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.02.013 | - | - | Auta, H.S., C.U. Emenike & S.H. Fauziah | Auta, H.S. | Auta, H.S. | Research framework and coordination | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
96 | 2017 | Malaysia | Universiti Malaysia Sabah | Funds from Universiti Malaysia Sabah under SBK 0193-STWN-2015 research grant. | Quantifying, identifying and characterising coastal debris into different types, including macroplastics and microplastics in coastline sediment; floating macroplastic, in Sebatik Island, Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia | December 2015 to May 2016 | Coastline macrodebris sampling (transect line sampling), floating macrodebris sampling (hand net sampling), microplastic sampling (sediment sampling, following Song et al. (2015) paper), microplastics extraction (density separation, filtration), microplastics characterisation (stereomicroscopy characterisation) | Microplastics (in fragments, films, fibres, EPS) and Macroplastics | Coastline macroplastic and sediment microplastic sampling at 6 stations along coast of Sabatik Island, Borneo; coastal floating macroplastic at 6 stations along coastal waters of Sabatik Island, Borneo | On coastal beaches, in sub-surface sand of coastal beaches and in coastal waters | Plastic is commonly abundant across the various sampling done on coastline stranded macrodebris, microdebris buried in sediments and surface floating macrodebris | N.A. | Estim and Sudirman (2017). Types and abundance of macro- and micro-marine debris at Sebatik Island, Tawau, Sabah. Borneo Journal of Marine Science and Aquaculture 1: 57-64. | https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/BJoMSA/article/view/992 | - | - | Estim, A., Surdiman, R. | Estim, A. | Estim, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | Packaging, consumer products, fishing gears | 0 | 1 | 1 (fragments, films, fibres) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
97 | 2017 | Malaysia | Universiti Malaysia Terengganu | Funds from the Ministry of HIgher Education (MOHE) and Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (FR59457) | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in wild and farmed Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) in Setiu Wetlands, Malaysia | October 2016 | Sampling (local fisherman sampling), dissection and analysis (gut), microplastic characterisation (visual characterisation, FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis) | Microplastics (<1mm, PA, PVA in threadlikes, fragments, sphericals, 6 colours) | 2 stations at each of the 2 sites (wild or cage-cultured) in Setiu Wetlands, Indonesia, facing the South China Sea | In wild and farmed fish (Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer) | Microplastics was abundant in both wild and cage-cultured fish, with a significant higher abundance in the wild than cage-cultured, possibly due to the ability to forage a wide range of preys in the wild and also the wild fishes are exposed to passage of South China Sea | Implied sources of threadlike particles from disintegration of nets used in aquaculture ponds | Ibrahim et al. (2017) Isolation and characterisation of microplastic abundance in Lates calcarifer from Setiu Wetlands, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences 21(5): 1054-1064. | http://www.myjurnal.my/public/article-view.php?id=107684 | - | - | Ibrahim, Y.S., Rathnam, R., Anuar, S.T., Khalik, W.M.A.W.M. | Ibrahim, Y.S. | Ibrahim, Y.S. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 1 (PA, PVA) | 0 (<1 mm) | 1 (threadlikes, fragments, sphericals) | Abundance in quantity (particles) | 0 | 0 | ||||
98 | 2017 | Malaysia | Universiti Putra Malaysia; Monash University Malaysia; HORIBA Jobin Yvon S.A.S. (France); University of Exeter (UK) | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in edible commercial salts across countries including Malaysia, in relation to human health | - | Sampling (17 brands of commercial salts from 8 countries, with only Malaysia from ASEAN region), microplastics extraction (dissolution of salt, filtration, density separation), microplastics characterisation (visual characterisation, stereomicroscopy characterisation, imageJ software, Raman spectroscopy polymer analysis) | Microplastics (PP, PE, Polyisoprene/polystyrene, PET, PAN, nylon-6 (+ additives: phthalocyanine, chromate yellow, hostaperm blue, hostasol green), in fragments, films, fibres) | 8 countries, with only Malaysia from ASEAN region | In commercial salt | Microplastics was present but in low levels in 16 out of 17 salt brands, especially of PP and PE polymer types in fragments; No human health risks associated but further studies into smaller microplastics (<149 micro-meter) should be conducted to further test presence and human health risk | N.A. | Karami et al. (2017a) The presence of microplastics in commercial salts from different countries. Scientific Reports 7: 46173. | https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46173 | - | - | Karami, A., Golieskardi, A., Choo, C.K., Larat, V., Galloway, T.S., Salamatinia, B. | Karami, A. | Karami, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety) | - | 1 (PP, PE, Polyisoprene/polystyrene, PET, PAN, nylon-6) | 0 (microplastics (0.001–1 mm) | 1 (fragments, films, fibres) | Abundance in quantity (particles) | 0 | 0 | ||||
99 | 2017 | Malaysia | Universiti Putra Malaysia; Monash University Malaysia; HORIBA Jobin Yvon S.A.S. (France) | - | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in edible fish tissues | - | Sampling (local market fish sampling, 4 commonly consumed dried fish species), microplastics extraction (following Karami et al. (2017) method, density separation), microplastics characterisation (visual characterisation, stereomicroscopy characterisation, imageJ software, Raman spectroscopy polymer analysis, energy dispersive x-ray analysis) | Microplastics (PP, PE, PS, PET, nylon-6 (+ additives: phthalocyanine, hostastol green), in fragments, films, filaments) | Local fish market in Malaysia | In 4 species of commercial dried fish (Chelon subviridis, Johnius belangerii, Rastrelliger kanagurta, and Stolephorus waitei) | There is still human health risk in eviscerated fish as evisceration does not necessarily eliminate the risk of MP intake by consumers, exiscerated flesh has more microplastic than excised organs for 2 species | N.A. | Karami et al. (2017b) Microplastics in eviscerated flesh and excised organs of dried fish. Scientific Reports 7: 5473. | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05828-6 | - | - | Karami, A., Golieskardi, A., Ho, Y.B., Larat, V., Salamatinia, B. | Karami, A. | Karami, A. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status, Socio-economic impact (human health/ food safety), Ecological and environmental impact (Ingestion of plastic in the wild) | - | 1 (PP, PE, PS, PET, nylon-6) | 0 (microplastics (0.001–1 mm) | 1 (fragments, films, filaments) | Abundance in density (g per cm3) | 0 | 0 | ||||
100 | 2017 | Japan | Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Environmental Research and Training Center, Thailand; University of Malaya, Malaysia; Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Science and Industrial Research, South Africa | Funds from a Grant-in-Aid (Projects No. 26550038 and No. 22254001) and the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (project no. 4-1502). | Quantifying, identifying and characterising microplastics in various sediment cores in Asia and Africa, including Malaysia coastal area | September 2006 (for Malaysia) | Sampling (sediment core sampling, surface 0-2cm and middle 38-40cm), microplastics extraction (chemical digestion, filtration), microplastics characterisation (visual characterisation, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy polymer analysis) | Microplastics (PE, PP, PS, PET, PEP, PAK in films/sheets, fibres, fragments, and beads, 10 colours) | Japan (Sakurada-bori Moat at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo), Thailand (Gulf of Thailand), Malaysia (Straits of Johor) and Africa (Durban Bay) | In sub-surface coastal sediment | Microplastics composed of a variety of polymers were identified in sediment cores collected in marine environments in several Asian countries and South Africa, where abundance of microplastics in sediment in all cores increased from the deeper (older) to surface (younger) layers of the sediment | N.A. | Matsuguma et al. (2017) Microplastics in sediment cores from Asia and Africa as indicators of temporal trends in plastic pollution. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 73(2): 230-239. | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-017-0414-9 | - | - | Matsuguma, Y., H. Kumata, H. Kanke, S. Sakurai, T. Suzuki, M. Itoh, Y. Okazaki, R. Boonyatumanond, M.P. Zakaria, S. Weerts & B. Newman | Matsuguma, Y. | Takada, H. | Surveys and monitoring/pollution status | - | 1 (PE, PP, PS, PET, PEP, PAK) | 1 | 1 (films/sheets, fibres, fragments, beads) | Abundance in sediment (particles per kg dry sediment) | 0 | 0 |