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Separation and identification of trinucleotide–melphalan adducts from enzymatically digested DNA using HPLC–ESI–MS

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Abstract

Melphalan is a bifunctional alkylating agent that covalently binds to the nucleophilic sites present in DNA. In this study we investigated oligonucleotides prepared enzymatically from DNA modified with melphalan. Calf thymus DNA was incubated in-vitro with melphalan and the resulting modifications were enzymatically cleaved by means of benzonase and nuclease S1. Efficient sample preconcentration was achieved by solid-phase extraction, in which phenyl phase cartridges resulted in better recovery of the modified species than C18. The applied enzymatic digestion time resulted in production of trinucleotide adducts which were efficiently separated and detected by use of reversed-phase HPLC coupled to an ion-trap mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization. It was assumed that melphalan could act as both a monofunctional and bifunctional alkylating agent. Mono-alkylated adducts were much more abundant, however, and the alkylation site was located on the nucleobases. On the other hand, we unequivocally identified cross-link formation in DNA, even though at low abundance and only a few adduct types were detected.

Different Alkylation reactions of Melphalan with DNA

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Arab Republic of Egypt for a grant to D.M. and to the DFG for financial support of M.L.; Stefan Pieper’s expert technical assistance with the mass spectrometers is also gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Applied Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany

    Dalia Mohamed & Michael Linscheid

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  1. Dalia Mohamed
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  2. Michael Linscheid
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Correspondence to Michael Linscheid.

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Mohamed, D., Linscheid, M. Separation and identification of trinucleotide–melphalan adducts from enzymatically digested DNA using HPLC–ESI–MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 392, 805–817 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2236-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2236-0

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